Change of Oxidation Mechanisms by Laser Chemical Machined Rim Zone Modifications of 42CrMo4 Steel

The oxidation mechanism of metals depends, among other factors, on the surface integrity. The surface and rim zone properties are often determined by the manufacturing process that was used to machine the material. Laser chemical machining (LCM) is a manufacturing process that uses laser radiation a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inMaterials Vol. 14; no. 14; p. 3910
Main Authors Schupp, Alexander, Pütz, René Daniel, Beyss, Oliver, Beste, Lucas-Hermann, Radel, Tim, Zander, Daniela
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 13.07.2021
MDPI
Subjects
42CrMo4
Ablation
Chemical machining
Chemical reactions
Chromium molybdenum steels
Electrolytes
Heat
High temperature
in situ XRD
Investigations
Lasers
LCM
Morphology
Nucleation
Oxidation
Oxidation tests
Residual stress
rim zone
Steel
Surface chemistry
Thickness
XPS
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Summary:The oxidation mechanism of metals depends, among other factors, on the surface integrity. The surface and rim zone properties are often determined by the manufacturing process that was used to machine the material. Laser chemical machining (LCM) is a manufacturing process that uses laser radiation as a localized and selective heat source to activate a chemical reaction between an electrolyte and a metallic surface. The objective of this work is first to investigate how different LCM processes affect the rim zone properties of 42CrMo4. For this purpose, the surface chemistry is analyzed by EDS and XPS, phases and residual stresses are determined by XRD, and the morphology is investigated by SEM. Second, the influence of these modified rim zones on the oxidation properties of the steel at 500 °C in air is to be demonstrated in oxidation tests by in situ XRD and subsequent SEM/EDS investigations. A decisive influence of the oxides formed on the surface of 42CrMo4 during LCM in different electrolytes (NaNO3 solution and H3PO4) at two different laser powers on the high-temperature oxidation properties was demonstrated. These oxides were supposed to act as nucleation sites for oxide layer formation at 500 °C and led to an overall increase in oxide layer thickness after high-temperature oxidation compared to non-LCM-processed surfaces.
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ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma14143910