Prospective study of dietary protein intake and risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women

• Published in: The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 69; no. 1; pp. 147 - 152
• Main Authors: MUNGER, R. G, CERHAN, J. R, CHIU, B. C.-H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD American Society for Clinical Nutrition 1999; American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc
• Subjects: Aged; Aging; Analysis of Variance; Biological and medical sciences; Cohort Studies; Diet; Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage; Dietary Proteins - therapeutic use; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; Female; Fractures; Hip Fractures - epidemiology; Hip Fractures - prevention & control; Hip joint; Humans; Incidence; Iowa - epidemiology; Medical sciences; Menopause; Middle Aged; Nutrition; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis. Osteomalacia. Paget disease; Postmenopause; Prospective Studies; Proteins; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Women; Iowa; United States; North America; America; Human; Senescence; Feeding behavior; Pathologic fracture; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; Bone disease; Trauma; Epidemiology; Hip; Protein; Feeding; Osteoporosis; Food intake; Postmenopause; Adult; Female; Frequency; Bone; Public health
• ISSN: 0002-9165; 1938-3207
• DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/69.1.147

The role of dietary protein intake in osteoporosis remains controversial. Protein is an important structural component of bone and protein supplementation improves the medical outcome of hip fracture patients, but it is unknown whether protein intake can reduce the incidence risk of hip fracture. The relation between intake of protein and other nutrients and subsequent incidence of hip fracture was evaluated. Nutrient intake was assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire in a cohort of Iowa women aged 55-69 y at baseline in 1986. Incident hip fractures were ascertained through follow-up questionnaires mailed to participants in 1987 and 1989 and verified by physician reports. Forty-four cases of incident hip fractures were included in the analyses of 104338 person-years (the number of subjects studied times the number of years of follow-up) of follow-up data. The risk of hip fracture was not related to intake of calcium or vitamin D, but was negatively associated with total protein intake. Animal rather than vegetable sources of protein appeared to account for this association. In a multivariate model with inclusion of age, body size, parity, smoking, alcohol intake, estrogen use, and physical activity, the relative risks of hip fracture decreased across increasing quartiles of intake of animal protein as follows: 1.00 (reference), 0.59 (95% CI: 0.26, 1.34), 0.63 (0.28, 1.42), and 0.31 (0.10, 0.93); P for trend = 0.037. Intake of dietary protein, especially from animal sources, may be associated with a reduced incidence of hip fractures in postmenopausal women.