Vitamin A Supplementation and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Shedding in Women: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Observational studies have associated vitamin A deficiency with vaginal shedding of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected cells and mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. To assess the effect of vitamin A supplementation on vaginal shedding of HIV-1, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-con...
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Published in | The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 185; no. 8; pp. 1187 - 1191 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Chicago, IL
University of Chicago Press
15.04.2002
Oxford University Press |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Observational studies have associated vitamin A deficiency with vaginal shedding of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected cells and mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. To assess the effect of vitamin A supplementation on vaginal shedding of HIV-1, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 6 weeks of daily oral vitamin A (10,000 IU of retinyl palmitate) was conducted among 400 HIV-1-infected women in Mombasa, Kenya. At follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of HIV-1 DNA (18% vs. 21%, P = .4) or the quantity of HIV-1 RNA (3.12 vs. 3.00 logo copies/swab, P = 1.0) in vaginal secretions of women receiving vitamin A, compared with women receiving placebo. No significant effect of supplementation on plasma HIV-1 load or CD4 or CD8 cell counts was observed, and no effect was seen among women who were vitamin A deficient at baseline. Vitamin A supplementation is unlikely to decrease the infectivity of women infected with HIV-1. |
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Bibliography: | istex:3D9126FEF69C4DD05EADB0B618E96968E30E0AC0 ark:/67375/HXZ-FZNPJ0R1-8 Institutional review boards at the University of Washington and the University of Nairobi approved the study. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Human experimentation guidelines of the US Department of Health and Human Services were followed. ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-News-3 |
ISSN: | 0022-1899 1537-6613 |
DOI: | 10.1086/339823 |