Combined Effects of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 and Carbonate Apatite Granules on Periodontal Healing: An In Vivo and In Vitro Study

• Published in: Biomedicines Vol. 12; no. 8; p. 1664
• Main Authors: Miyata, Naoki, Mori, Shinta, Murakami, Tasuku, Bizenjima, Takahiro, Seshima, Fumi, Imamura, Kentaro, Saito, Atsushi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 25.07.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Apatite; bone graft; Bone growth; Bone healing; carbonate apatite granules; Carbonate minerals; Care and treatment; Cbfa-1 protein; Cell adhesion; Cell differentiation; Cell proliferation; Computed tomography; Defects; Diagnosis; Fibroblast growth factor 2; Fibroblast growth factor receptors; Fibroblast growth factors; Fibroblasts; Growth factors; Gum disease; Health aspects; Molars; Osteoblastogenesis; Osteoblasts; Osteocalcin; Osteogenesis; periodontal regeneration; Periodontitis; Properties; Skin & tissue grafts; Software; Tomography; Japan; carbonate apatite granules; fibroblast growth factor-2; periodontal regeneration; bone graft
• ISSN: 2227-9059; 2227-9059
• DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081664

The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo and in vitro the effectiveness of the use of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 with carbonate apatite (CO Ap) on periodontal healing. Periodontal defects created in the maxillary first molars in rats were treated with FGF-2, CO Ap, FGF-2 + CO Ap or left unfilled. Healing was evaluated using microcomputed tomography, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses. In vitro experiments were performed to assess cellular behaviors and the expression of osteoblastic differentiation markers in MC3T3-E1 cells. At 4 weeks, the bone volume fraction in the FGF-2 + CO Ap group was significantly greater than that in the CO Ap group, but there was no significant difference from the FGF-2 group. The FGF-2 + CO Ap group demonstrated greater new bone compared with the FGF-2 or CO Ap group. The FGF-2 + CO Ap group showed greater levels of osteocalcin-positive cells compared with the CO Ap group, but there was no significant difference from the FGF-2 group. In vitro, the FGF-2 + CO Ap group exhibited a greater extent of cell attachment and more elongated cells compared with the CO Ap group. Compared with the CO Ap group, the FGF-2 + CO Ap group showed significantly higher viability/proliferation, but the expressions of and were reduced. The results indicated that the use of FGF-2 with CO Ap enhanced healing in the periodontal defects. FGF-2 promoted cell attachment to and proliferation on CO Ap and regulated osteoblastic differentiation, thereby contributing to novel bone formation.