Structural Characteristic, Strong Antioxidant, and Anti-Gastric Cancer Investigations on an Oleoresin from Ginger ( Zingiber officinale var. roscoe )

• Published in: Foods Vol. 13; no. 10; p. 1498
• Main Authors: Chen, Meichun, Lin, Enquan, Xiao, Rongfeng, Li, Zuliang, Liu, Bo, Wang, Jieping
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.05.2024
• Subjects: AKT protein; Ammonium; Ammonium salts; antioxidant; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Ascorbic acid; Carbon dioxide; Care and treatment; Cell proliferation; cell proliferation and apoptosis; Chemical properties; Chromatography; Cultivars; Drug development; Free radicals; Gastric cancer; Ginger; ginger oleoresin; Gingerol; Health aspects; Hydroxyl groups; Identification and classification; Kinases; Mass spectrometry; Novel foods; Oils & fats; Oleoresins; Penicillin; Phenolic compounds; Phenolic resins; Phenols; Potassium; Scavenging; Scientific imaging; Signal transduction; Stomach cancer; Structure; Sulfonic acid; Supercritical fluids; Supercritical gas extraction; Testing; Varieties; Vitamin C; volatile components; Zingerone; Zingiber officinale; China; Beijing China; Taiwan; cell proliferation and apoptosis; phenolic compounds; ginger oleoresin; antioxidant; volatile components
• ISSN: 2304-8158; 2304-8158
• DOI: 10.3390/foods13101498

It is known that ginger oleoresin contains various active components and possesses bioactivities. In this study, ginger oleoresin from Chinese ginger ( var. ) was extracted using a CO supercritical fluid extraction method with a 0.52% yield (g/g), based on dry weights. Zingiberene with a content of 51.6 mg/g was the main volatile in the ginger oleoresin. In total, 17 phenolic compounds were identified, and their contents were calculated as 587.54 mg/g. Among them, a new gingertriol was detected in the . Antioxidant activity tests showed that the ginger oleoresin and six gingerols exhibited strong scavenging free radical activities, and the zingerone exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity, with IC values of 11.3 µg/mL for the 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and 19.0 µg/mL for the 2, 2'-amino-di (2-ethyl-benzothiazoline sulphonic acid-6) ammonium salt radical cation, comparable to vitamin C. Ginger oleoresin inhibits HGC-27 human gastric cancer cell proliferation at a rate of 4.05~41.69% and induces cell apoptosis at a rate of 10.4~20.9%. The Western blot result demonstrated that the AKT signaling pathway has the potential mechanism of ginger oleoresin acting on HGC-27 cells. The anticancer potential of the gingerol standards on HGC-27 cells followed the order of 8-gingerol > 6-gingerol > 10-gingerol > zingerone. The different antioxidant and anticancer potentials of the ginger phenolic compounds could be attributed to the presence of hydroxyl groups in the unbranched 1-alkyl chain and the length of carbon side chain. Consequently, ginger oleoresin shows substantial antioxidant and anticancer therapeutic potential and can be used for novel food-drug development.