Decentering Mediates the Effect of Ruminative and Experiential Self-Focus on Negative Thinking in Depression

• Published in: Cognitive therapy and research Vol. 38; no. 4; pp. 389 - 396
• Main Authors: Lo, Cola S. L., Ho, Samuel M. Y., Yu, Nicky K. K., Siu, Bowie P. Y.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston Springer US 01.08.2014; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Biological and medical sciences; Clinical Psychology; Cognitive Psychology; College students; Colleges & universities; Depression; Medical sciences; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mental depression; Mindfulness; Mood disorders; Original Article; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Quality of Life Research; Social studies; Hong Kong China; China; Depression; Mode of self-focus; Decentering; Mood disorder; Human; Self focusing; Thought
• ISSN: 0147-5916; 1573-2819
• DOI: 10.1007/s10608-014-9603-2

Recent research studies found that ruminative self-focus was maladaptive to depression while experiential self-focus was associated with better psychological outcomes. However, the underlying mechanism for the differential effect has been under-investigated. Decentering, representing the capacity to take a present-focus and nonjudgmental stance to observe thoughts and feelings as temporary and objective events in the mind, was hypothesized to be an important construct that accounts for the differential effect of self-focus processing in depression. The present study investigated experimentally the potential mediating effect of decentering on the frequency of negative thinking in groups of depressed patients and dysphoric college students. A total of seventy-five participants were randomly allocated into two experimental conditions, in which the mode of self-focus was manipulated. Two identical sets of questionnaires measuring decentering and negative thinking were administered before and after the experiment. The results supported the differential effect of ruminative and experiential self-focus on decentering and negative thinking, and more importantly, decentering was found to mediate the relationship between the mode of self-focus and negative thinking in depression.