Characteristics of Citrate-Esterified Starch and Enzymatically Debranched Starch and Their Effects on Diabetic Mice

• Published in: Foods Vol. 13; no. 10; p. 1486
• Main Authors: Wang, Nannan, Ding, Changhe, Xie, Yingying, Meng, Jun, Fan, Xing, Fan, Duoduo, Wan, Haowei, Jiang, Zhengqiang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.05.2024
• Subjects: Analysis; Beans; By-products; Care and treatment; Chemical properties; Chickpea; Chickpeas; Cholesterol; citrate-esterified starch; Cracking (fracturing); Cytokines; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diet; enzymatically debranched starch; Enzymes; Esterification; Flora; Glucose; Glucose metabolism; glycolipid metabolism; Health aspects; High density lipoprotein; Inflammation; Interleukin 6; intestinal flora; Intestinal microflora; Intestine; Laboratory animals; Legumes; Lipid metabolism; Lipids; Liver; Low density lipoprotein; Metabolism; Morphology; Pullulanase; Scanning electron microscopy; Spectrum analysis; Starch; Starches; Structure; T2DM; Temperature; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Type 2 diabetes; Variance analysis; China; T2DM; enzymatically debranched starch; glycolipid metabolism; citrate-esterified starch; intestinal flora
• ISSN: 2304-8158; 2304-8158
• DOI: 10.3390/foods13101486

Chickpea has significant benefits as an adjuvant treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The properties of chickpea resistant starches (RSs) and their abilities to reduce T2DM symptoms and control intestinal flora were investigated. The RS content in citrate-esterified starch (CCS; 74.18%) was greater than that in pullulanase-modified starch (enzymatically debranched starch (EDS); 38.87%). Compared with those of native chickpea starch, there were noticeable changes in the granular structure and morphology of the two modified starches. The CCS showed surface cracking and aggregation. The EDS particles exhibited irregular layered structures. The expansion force of the modified starches decreased. The CCS and EDS could successfully lower blood glucose, regulate lipid metabolism, lower the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), reduce the expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleuki n-10 (IL-10), and decrease diabetes-related liver damage. Moreover, the CCS and EDS altered the intestinal flora makeup in mice with T2DM. The abundance of Bacteroidota increased. Both types of chickpea RSs exhibited significant hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects, contributing to the reduction in inflammatory levels and the improvement in gut microbiota balance.