Improvement of phenolic profile and biological activities of wild mustard sprouts

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 10528
• Main Authors: Salah, Hala A, Elsayed, Alshaimaa M, Bassuiny, Roqaya I, Abdel-Aty, Azza M, Mohamed, Saleh A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Nature Publishing Group 08.05.2024; Nature Publishing Group UK; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibacterial; Antibiotics; Antidiabetic; Antidiabetics; Antioxidant; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Brassica rapa; Carbohydrates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diabetes mellitus; Disease resistance; E coli; Enzymatic activity; Enzyme activity; Flavonoids; Flavonoids - analysis; Flavonoids - chemistry; Flavonoids - pharmacology; Germination; Germination - drug effects; HPLC; Hypoglycemic Agents - chemistry; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Liquid chromatography; Mustard Plant - chemistry; Mustard seeds; Phenolic compounds; Phenolics; Phenols; Phenols - analysis; Phenols - chemistry; Phenols - pharmacology; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Seeds; Seeds - chemistry; Sprouts; Sulfonic acid; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase; β-Glucosidase; Mustard seeds; Antibacterial; Sprouts; Antioxidant; Phenolics; Antidiabetic
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60452-5

The current study aimed to assess the effect of the germination process of wild mustard seeds on the phenolic profile, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties, and some relevant enzyme activities. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents increased 5- and 10-fold, respectively, and were maximized on 5-days sprouts. One new phenolic compound was identified on 5-days sprout extract using HPLC. The concentrations of the identified phenolic compounds increased 1.5-4.3 folds on 5-days sprouts compared with dry seeds. The total antioxidant activity multiplied 17- and 21-fold on 5-days sprouts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays, respectively. The activity of carbohydrate-cleaving, phenolic-synthesizing and antioxidant enzymes also increased during germination. On 5-days sprouts, there was a substantial correlation between the highest β-glucosidase and peroxidase activities with highest phenolic and flavonoid levels and maximum antioxidant activity. The phenolic extract of 5-days sprouts exhibited antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and showed potent antidiabetic activity established by its inhibitory effect against α-amylase and α-glucosidase compared to dry seeds.