From arterial ageing to cardiovascular disease

• Published in: The Lancet (British edition) Vol. 389; no. 10080; pp. 1676 - 1678
• Main Authors: Koopman, Jacob J E, Kuipers, Remko S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 29.04.2017; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adolescents; Adults; Age; Aging; Angina; Angina pectoris; Apolipoproteins; Arteries; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Atrium; Calcification (ectopic); Calcium; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Cerebral infarction; Cholesterol; Communities; Coronary artery; Coronary artery disease; Death; Developed countries; Developing countries; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Disease control; Disease prevention; Ethnic factors; Fatty acids; Health risk assessment; Health risks; Heart; Heart diseases; Human behavior; Humans; Hunting; Hypertension; Industrialized nations; Inflammation; Internal Medicine; LDCs; Lifestyles; Milk; Myocardial infarction; Nutrition; Pharmacology; Population; Population studies; Populations; Risk factors; Sedentary behavior; Stroke; Vitamin D; Young adults; Bolivia
• ISSN: 0140-6736; 1474-547X
• DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30763-8

Since these lifestyle-related risk factors have become commonplace in most developing countries, disability and death due to cardiovascular disease occur increasingly in these countries too, already predominating over the absolute and relative rates of disability and death in developed countries.1 Yet, cardiovascular disease is uncommon in populations without a sedentary lifestyle The uncommonness of cardiovascular disease has previously been described for the Tsimane community in the Amazon region of Bolivia, who are characterised by being mostly foragers and horticulturalists. Age was the strongest risk factor among the various risk factors measured, which is consistent with previous literature showing that atherosclerosis commences and progresses with age in healthy young adults.8 Taken together, these findings suggest that atherosclerosis occurs even when a sedentary lifestyle is absent and cardiovascular disease remains subclinical. [...]the self-reported age of onset of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart attack, heart failure, and stroke did not change from 1988 to 2014 in the American population-based National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES),9 suggesting that the increasing prevalence of lifestyle-related risk factors has not changed the age of onset of cardiovascular disease, which has remained stable at age 50-60 years. References 1 WHO, Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control, S Mendis, P Puska, B Norrving, 2011, (accessed March 13, 2017) 2 JJE Koopman, D van Bodegom, JW Jukema, RGJ Westendorp, Risk of cardiovascular disease in a traditional African population with a high infectious load: a population-based study, PLoS One, Vol. 7, 2012, e46855 3 M Gurven, H...