HLA-A, -B, -C, -DQB1, and -DRB1,3,4,5 allele and haplotype frequencies in the Costa Rica Central Valley Population and its relationship to worldwide populations

• Published in: Human immunology Vol. 72; no. 1; pp. 80 - 86
• Main Authors: Arrieta-Bolaños, Esteban, Maldonado-Torres, Hazael, Dimitriu, Oana, Hoddinott, Michael A, Fowles, Finnuala, Shah, Anila, Órlich-Pérez, Priscilla, McWhinnie, Alasdair J, Alfaro-Bourrouet, Wilbert, Buján-Boza, Willem, Little, Ann-Margaret, Salazar-Sánchez, Lizbeth, Madrigal, J. Alejandro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 2011
• Subjects: Allergy and Immunology; Analysis of Variance; Anthropology study; Cluster Analysis; Costa Rica; Costa Rica Central Valley Population; Frequencies; Gene Frequency; Haplotypes; Hematopoietic stem cell donor registry; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I - genetics; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II - genetics; Histocompatibility Testing; Human leukocyte antigen; Humans; Linkage Disequilibrium - genetics; Population Groups - genetics; Costa Rica; Costa Rica Central Valley Population; Anthropology study; Frequencies; Human leukocyte antigen; Hematopoietic stem cell donor registry
• ISSN: 0198-8859; 1879-1166
• DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.10.005

Abstract The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is the most polymorphic in humans. Its allele, genotype, and haplotype frequencies vary significantly among different populations. Molecular typing data on HLA are necessary for the development of stem cell donor registries, cord blood banks, HLA–disease association studies, and anthropology studies. The Costa Rica Central Valley Population (CCVP) is the major population in this country. No previous study has characterized HLA frequencies in this population. Allele group and haplotype frequencies of HLA genes in the CCVP were determined by means of molecular typing in a sample of 130 unrelated blood donors from one of the country's major hospitals. A comparison between these frequencies and those of 126 populations worldwide was also carried out. A minimum variance dendrogram based on squared Euclidean distances was constructed to assess the relationship between the CCVP sample and populations from all over the world. Allele group and haplotype frequencies observed in this study are consistent with a profile of a dynamic and diverse population, with a hybrid ethnic origin, predominantly Caucasian-Amerindian. Results showed that populations genetically closest to the CCVP are a Mestizo urban population from Venezuela, and another one from Guadalajara, Mexico.