Extracellular Vesicles in Liquid Biopsies: Potential for Disease Diagnosis

• Published in: BioMed research international Vol. 2021; pp. 6611244 - 17
• Main Authors: Liu, Jialing, Chen, Ye, Pei, Fang, Zeng, Chongmai, Yao, Yang, Liao, Wen, Zhao, Zhihe
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Hindawi 2021; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Biomarkers; Biopsy; Biosynthesis; Chemical Fractionation; Chromatography; Cytoskeleton; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Diagnosis; DNA; Environmental degradation; Enzymes; Extracellular Vesicles; Humans; Kinases; Lipids; Lipids - analysis; Liquid Biopsy - methods; Neoplasms - diagnosis; Neoplasms - metabolism; Neoplasms - pathology; Nucleic acids; Nucleic Acids - analysis; Proteins; Proteins - analysis; Proteomics; Review; Specimen Handling; Vesicles
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2021/6611244

Liquid biopsy is conducted through minimally invasive or noninvasive procedures, and the resulting material can be subjected to genomic, proteomic, and lipidomic analyses for early diagnosis of cancers and other diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), one kind of promising tool for liquid biopsy, are nanosized bilayer particles that are secreted by all kinds of cells and that carry cargoes such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, protecting them from enzymatic degradation in the extracellular environment. In this review, we provide a comprehensive introduction to the properties and applications of EVs, including their biogenesis, contents, sample collection, isolation, and applications in diagnostics based on liquid biopsy.