Ca2+ efflux facilitated by co-transport of inorganic phosphate anion in the H+/Ca2+ antiporter YfkE

Ca 2+ is an important signaling messenger. In microorganisms, fungi, and plants, H + /Ca 2+ antiporters (CAX) are known to play key roles in the homeostasis of intracellular Ca 2+ by catalyzing its efflux across the cell membrane. Here, we reveal that the bacterial CAX homolog YfkE transports Ca 2+...

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Published inCommunications biology Vol. 6; no. 1; p. 573
Main Authors Niu, Wei, Zhou, Wenchang, Lu, Shuo, Vu, Trung, Jayaraman, Vasanthi, Faraldo-Gómez, José D., Zheng, Lei
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 29.05.2023
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects
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Biology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Ca2+/H+-exchanging ATPase
Calcium (intracellular)
Calcium efflux
Calcium homeostasis
Calcium phosphates
Calcium signalling
Calcium transport
Cell membranes
Homeostasis
Hydrogen
Life Sciences
Phosphate
Phosphates
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Summary:Ca 2+ is an important signaling messenger. In microorganisms, fungi, and plants, H + /Ca 2+ antiporters (CAX) are known to play key roles in the homeostasis of intracellular Ca 2+ by catalyzing its efflux across the cell membrane. Here, we reveal that the bacterial CAX homolog YfkE transports Ca 2+ in two distinct modes: a low-flux H + /Ca 2+ exchange mode and a high-flux mode in which Ca 2+ and phosphate ions are co-transported (1:1) in exchange for H + . Coupling with phosphate greatly accelerates the Ca 2+ efflux activity of YfkE. Our studies reveal that Ca 2+ and phosphate bind to adjacent sites in a central translocation pathway and lead to mechanistic insights that explain how this CAX alters its conserved alpha-repeat motifs to adopt phosphate as a specific “transport chaperon” for Ca 2+ translocation. This finding uncovers a co-transport mechanism within the CAX family that indicates this class of proteins contributes to the cellular homeostasis of both Ca 2+ and phosphate. Bacterial CAX antiporter homolog YfkE can transport Ca 2+ and inorganic phosphate (P i ) together in a 1:1 ratio, exchanging them for H + and becoming a high-flux antiporter when coupled with P i .
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ISSN:2399-3642
2399-3642
DOI:10.1038/s42003-023-04944-6