Classic Signaling Pathways in Alveolar Injury and Repair Involved in Sepsis-Induced ALI/ARDS: New Research Progress and Prospect

• Published in: Disease markers Vol. 2022; pp. 1 - 9
• Main Authors: Li, Wenli, Li, Duo, Chen, Yuansen, Abudou, Halidan, Wang, Haiwang, Cai, Jinxia, Wang, Yiping, Liu, Ziquan, Liu, Yanqing, Fan, Haojun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Hindawi 2022; John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Subjects: Acute Lung Injury - etiology; Acute Lung Injury - pathology; Alveoli; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; Fluid management; Health services; Humans; Hypoxemia; Injuries; Janus kinase 2; Kinases; Lungs; MAP kinase; Mechanical ventilation; Molecular modelling; Mortality; NF-κB protein; Pathogenesis; Prone position; Protein kinase; Repair; Respiration; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory distress syndrome; Respiratory Distress Syndrome - etiology; Review; Sepsis; Sepsis - complications; Signal Transduction; Signaling; Stat3 protein; TOR protein; Ventilation
• ISSN: 0278-0240; 1875-8630; 1875-8630
• DOI: 10.1155/2022/6362344

Sepsis is a common critical clinical disease with high mortality that can cause approximately 10 million deaths worldwide each year. Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical complication of sepsis, which occurs primarily as diffuse alveolar injury, hypoxemia, and respiratory distress. The mortality rate of ALI/ARDS is as high as 30%-40%, which greatly endangers human health. Due to the unclear pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS, its treatment is still a worldwide problem. At present, clinical treatment mainly relies on lung-protective ventilation, prone position ventilation, and fluid management. However, there is a lack of effective and specific treatment measures. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have committed to basic research on ALI/ARDS, trying to further clarify its pathogenesis and find new targets and methods for the treatment of ALI/ARDS. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways related to alveolar injury and repair in sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS and their latest research progress. They include the NF-κB, JAK2/STAT3, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), mTOR, and Notch signaling pathways. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of these signaling pathways in sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS may provide new targets and ideas for the clinical treatment of this disease.