Risk factors for incident diabetes mellitus among HIV‐infected patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in Taiwan: a case–control study

• Published in: HIV medicine Vol. 10; no. 5; pp. 302 - 309
• Main Authors: Lo, Y‐C, Chen, M‐Y, Sheng, W‐H, Hsieh, S‐M, Sun, H‐Y, Liu, W‐C, Wu, P‐Y, Wu, C‐H, Hung, C‐C, Chang, S‐C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.05.2009
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents - adverse effects; Anti-HIV Agents - classification; antiretroviral therapy; case–control study; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; China - ethnology; diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - chemically induced; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epidemiologic Methods; Family Health; Female; HIV infection; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - epidemiology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Taiwan - epidemiology; Young Adult; Zidovudine - adverse effects; China; Taiwan
• ISSN: 1464-2662; 1468-1293
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00687.x

Objectives Recent studies suggest that patients with HIV infection are at increased risk for incident diabetes mellitus (DM). We investigated the incidence and risk factors of DM among HIV‐infected patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) in Taiwan. Methods Incident cases of DM were identified among HIV‐infected patients at the National Taiwan University Hospital between 1993 and 2006. A retrospective case–control study was conducted after matching cases with controls for sex, age at HIV diagnosis, year of HIV diagnosis, mode of HIV transmission and baseline CD4 lymphocyte count. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for incident DM among HIV‐infected patients. Results In 824 HIV‐infected patients eligible for analysis, 50 cases of incident DM were diagnosed, resulting in an incidence of 13.1 cases per 1000 person‐years of follow‐up. In total, 100 matched controls were identified. Risk factors for incident DM were a family history of DM [odds ratio (OR) 2.656; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.209–5.834], exposure to zidovudine (OR 3.168; 95% CI 1.159–8.661) and current use of protease inhibitors (OR 2.528; 95% CI 1.186–5.389). Conclusions Incident DM was associated with a family history of DM, exposure to zidovudine and current use of protease inhibitors in HIV‐infected patients receiving CART in Taiwan.