Prevalence of hepatitis B and C and risk factors for nonvaccination in inflammatory bowel disease patients in Northeast France

• Published in: Inflammatory bowel diseases Vol. 16; no. 6; pp. 916 - 924
• Main Authors: Chevaux, Jean-Baptiste, Nani, Abdelbasset, Oussalah, Abderrahim, Venard, Véronique, Bensenane, Mouni, Belle, Arthur, Gueant, Jean-Louis, Bigard, Marc-André, Bronowicki, Jean-Pierre, Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Oxford University Press 01.06.2010; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Female; France - epidemiology; HBV; HCV; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B - epidemiology; Hepatitis B - prevention & control; Hepatitis B Antibodies - blood; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C - epidemiology; Hepatitis C - prevention & control; Hepatitis C Antibodies - blood; Hepatitis C virus; Humans; Immunization; Immunosuppressive Agents - adverse effects; Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - drug therapy; Male; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - antagonists & inhibitors; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines - administration & dosage; Young Adult; France; HBV; HCV; inflammatory bowel disease
• ISSN: 1078-0998; 1536-4844; 1536-4844
• DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21147

BackgroundData regarding the prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B (HBV) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are conflicting.MethodsIn all, 315 IBD (252 Crohn's disease [CD] and 63 ulcerative colitis [UC]) patients were consecutively recruited between June 2005 and May 2009.ResultsThe median age was 33 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 24–43) and median disease duration was 5 years (IQR: 2–11). Present and/or past HBV and HCV infection was found in 2.86% of 315 patients (CD: HBsAg 0.79%, anti-HBc 2.78%, anti-HCV 0.79%; UC: HBsAg 1.59%, anti-HBc 1.59%, anti-HCV 1.59%). Effective vaccination (anti-HBs without anti-HBc) was present in 48.9% of 315 patients. In multivariate analysis, age at diagnosis over 31 years (odds ratio [OR] 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.15–0.58; P = 0.005), disease duration over 7 years (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.23–0.83; P = 0.005), age at inclusion over 33 years (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.20–0.94; P = 0.005), and CD (OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.15–0.58; P = 0.005) were associated with the lack of effective vaccination. Two HBsAg-positive patients, including 1 under curative nucleoside/nucleotide analog treatment, had received 6 and 7 infliximab infusions, and 1 HCV RNA-positive subject had been receiving corticosteroid and azathioprine therapies for 12 and 33 months, respectively. No viral reactivation occurred in these patients.ConclusionsThe prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in French IBD patients is similar to that of the general population. While the ECCO recommends an effective HBV vaccination in IBD, half of the patients were not vaccinated. The nonvaccination risk factors identified in our study may allow targeted vaccination coverage. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009;)