Geographical variation in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome among US adolescents

Summary Background Among adolescents, obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) contribute to adult cardiovascular disease risk. By parent report, obesity prevalence in the USA was highest in the South. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and MetS by US divisi...

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Published inPediatric obesity Vol. 14; no. 4; pp. e12483 - n/a
Main Authors DeBoer, M. D., Filipp, S. L., Gurka, M. J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.04.2019
Subjects
Adolescent
Body Mass Index
Cardiovascular disease
Child
Childrens health
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Geography
Health risk assessment
Humans
Male
Metabolic syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology
Nutrition Surveys
Obesity
paediatric
Pediatric Obesity - epidemiology
Pediatrics
Prevalence
Teenagers
United States - epidemiology
United States
United States > US
Geography
metabolic syndrome
obesity
paediatric
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Summary:Summary Background Among adolescents, obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) contribute to adult cardiovascular disease risk. By parent report, obesity prevalence in the USA was highest in the South. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and MetS by US division and region. Methods We used in‐person assessment of 4600 US adolescents age 12–19 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2014. Results Prevalence of obesity was highest in the East North Central division (21.3%) and the three census divisions in the South (all >20%), compared with lower prevalence in the Mountain and New England divisions (both <15%). MetS was most prevalent in the two divisions in the Midwest (both >10%) and lowest in the Mountain and New England divisions (both <6%). For the amount of obesity in each division, there was a higher prevalence of MetS in the West North Central division (obesity 17.1%, MetS 13.6%) and lower prevalence in the East South Central (obesity 23.5%, MetS 6.6%) and South Atlantic divisions (obesity 20.4%, MetS 6.7%). Conclusions The degree of obesity‐related and MetS‐related risk among adolescents in the Midwest is higher than suggested from previous parent‐reported weight data. The Midwest and South may warrant particularly strong cardiovascular disease prevention efforts.
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Author Contributions: MDD participated in the design and analysis of the research and was responsible for the write-up and had primary responsibility for the final content. SLF participated in the design, analysis and write-up of the research. MJG participated in the design and analysis and write-up of the research. All authors approved of the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
ISSN:2047-6302
2047-6310
DOI:10.1111/ijpo.12483