Chronic comorbid conditions among adult cancer survivors in the United States: Results from the National Health Interview Survey, 2002‐2018

• Published in: Cancer Vol. 128; no. 4; pp. 828 - 838
• Main Authors: Jiang, Changchuan, Deng, Lei, Karr, Matthew A., Wen, Yumeng, Wang, Qian, Perimbeti, Stuthi, Shapiro, Charles L., Han, Xuesong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 15.02.2022
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Arthritis; Asthma; Cancer; Cancer Survivors; cancer survivorship; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Chronic conditions; Chronic Disease; Chronic illnesses; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Comorbidity; Coronary artery disease; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; disease burden; Heart diseases; Hepatitis; Humans; Hypertension; Ischemia; Kidney diseases; Kidneys; Liver; Liver diseases; Lung diseases; Minority & ethnic groups; multimorbidity management; Neoplasms - epidemiology; Obesity; Obstructive lung disease; Oncology; Polls & surveys; Prevalence; public health; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Risk management; Risk sharing; Survival; Survivors; Trends; United States - epidemiology; Young Adult; United States; United States > US; multimorbidity management; comorbidity; cancer survivorship; disease burden; public health
• ISSN: 0008-543X; 1097-0142
• DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33981

Background Cancer survivors develop other chronic medical conditions because of shared risk factors and delayed effects of cancer treatment. This study investigated trends in the prevalence of chronic diseases and estimated their population sizes among adult cancer survivors in the United States from 2002 to 2018. Methods Using 2002‐2018 National Health Interview Survey data, this study calculated the age‐sex‐race/ethnicity–adjusted prevalences and estimated the population sizes for the following chronic conditions among cancer survivors: hypertension, diabetes, stroke, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/asthma, hepatitis, arthritis, liver disease, kidney disease, and morbid obesity. This study also examined multiple chronic conditions (MCC; 3 or more health conditions). MCC trends were further examined by sociodemographic factors to identify high‐risk populations. Parallel analyses were performed for participants without a cancer history to provide a reference. Results Among 30,728 cancers survivors, increasing trends were observed in the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, liver disease, and morbid obesity, whereas decreasing prevalence trends were observed for ischemic heart disease, COPD, and hepatitis. Cancer survivors with MCC increased from 4.7 million in 2002 to 8.1 million in 2018 (the prevalence increased from 43.7% to 46.6%). The increase was more pronounced among survivors aged 18 to 44 years. Among adults without a cancer history, the MCC prevalence also increased, although more slowly than among survivors. Conclusions The number of adult cancer survivors in the United States with comorbid illnesses has increased substantially over the past 2 decades. Optimal management of comorbid conditions and aggressive interventions for risk reduction may benefit the cancer survivor population. The prevalence of most comorbid illnesses has increased significantly among cancer survivors in the United States. Cancer survivors with multiple comorbidities almost doubled from 2002 to 2018.