Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Artemisia pedemontana subsp. assoana Essential Oils and Hydrolate

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 9; no. 10; p. 558
• Main Authors: Sainz, Paula, Andrés, María Fe, Martínez-Díaz, Rafael A, Bailén, María, Navarro-Rocha, Juliana, Díaz, Carmen E, González-Coloma, Azucena
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI 02.10.2019; MDPI AG
• Subjects: antifungal; antiplasmodial; antitrypanosomal; artemisia pedemontana subspecies assoana; essential oil; experimental cultivation; hydrolate; insect antifeedant; nematicidal; phytomonacidal; phytotoxic; antifungal; insect antifeedant; hydrolate; antitrypanosomal; phytomonacidal; essential oil; phytotoxic; Artemisia pedemontana subspecies assoana; experimental cultivation; antiplasmodial; nematicidal
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom9100558

Given the importance of the genus as a source of valuable natural products, the rare plant subspecies endemic to the Iberian Peninsula, has been experimentally cultivated in the greenhouse and aeroponically, to produce biomass for essential oil (EO) extraction. The chemical composition of the EOs was analyzed, and their plant protection (insects: , and ; plants: and ; fungi: and nematode: ) and antiparasitic ( , and antiplasmodial by the ferriprotoporphyrin biocrystallization inhibition test) properties were studied, in addition to the hydrolate by-product. The EOs showed a 1,8-cineole and camphor profile, with quantitative and qualitative chemical differences between the cultivation methods. These oils had moderate insect antifeedant, antifungal, and phytotoxic effects; were trypanocidel; and exhibited moderate phytomonacidal effects, while the hydrolate showed a strong nematicidal activity. Both EOs were similarly antifeedant; the EO from the greenhouse plants (flowering stage) was more biocidal (antifungal, nematicidal, and phytotoxic) than the EO from the aeroponic plants (growing stage), which was more antiparasitic. The major components of the oils (1,8-cineole and camphor), or their 1:1 combination, did not explain any of these effects. We can conclude that these EOs have potential applications as insect antifeedants, and as antifungal or antiparasitic agents, depending on the cultivation method, and that the hydrolate byproduct is a potent nematicidal.