A comprehensive data-driven analysis framework for detecting impairments in brain function networks with resting state fMRI in HIV-infected individuals on cART

Central nervous system (CNS) sequelae continue to be common in HIV-infected individuals despite combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). These sequelae include HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) and virologic persistence in the CNS. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (r...

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Published inJournal of neurovirology Vol. 27; no. 2; pp. 239 - 248
Main Authors Anteraper, Sheeba Arnold, Gopinath, Kaundinya, Hoch, Michael J., Waldrop-Valverde, Drenna, Franklin, Donald, Letendre, Scott L., Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan, Anderson, Albert M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cham Springer International Publishing 01.04.2021
Subjects
Adult
AIDS Dementia Complex - diagnostic imaging
AIDS Dementia Complex - physiopathology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Brain - physiopathology
Female
Humans
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted - methods
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Middle Aged
Nerve Net - diagnostic imaging
Nerve Net - physiopathology
Neuroimaging - methods
Neurology
Neurosciences
Rest
Virology
multi-voxel pattern analysis
brain function networks
functional connectivity
multi-sensory perception
HIV
cognition
high-resolution
executive function
language
resting state fMRI
MVPA
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Summary:Central nervous system (CNS) sequelae continue to be common in HIV-infected individuals despite combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). These sequelae include HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) and virologic persistence in the CNS. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) is a widely used tool to examine the integrity of brain function and pathology. In this study, we examined 16 HIV-positive (HIV+) subjects and 12 age, sex, and race matched HIV seronegative controls (HIV−) whole-brain high-resolution rsfMRI along with a battery of neurocognitive tests. A comprehensive data-driven analysis of rsfMRI revealed impaired functional connectivity, with very large effect sizes in executive function, language, and multisensory processing networks in HIV+ subjects. These results indicate the potential of high-resolution rsfMRI in combination with advanced data analysis techniques to yield biomarkers of neural impairment in HIV.
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Sheeba Arnold Anteraper and Kaundinya Gopinath are co-first authors, who made equal contributions to the paper
ISSN:1355-0284
1538-2443
1538-2443
DOI:10.1007/s13365-021-00943-7