Fat and Fiber Consumption are Associated With Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of a Japanese-Brazilian Population

• Published in: Circulation Journal Vol. 72; no. 1; pp. 44 - 50
• Main Authors: Gimeno, Suely Godoy Agostinho, Hirai, Amélia Toyomi, Harima, Helena Aiko, Kikuchi, Mário Yasuo, Simony, Rosana Farah, Barros, Newton de, Jr, Cardoso, Marly A, Ferreira, Sandra Roberta Gouvea, The Japanese-Brazilian Diabetes Study Group
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Japanese Circulation Society 2008
• Subjects: Age Factors; Aged; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Brazil - ethnology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Diet - standards; Dietary Fats - adverse effects; Dietary Fiber - adverse effects; Education; Emigrants and Immigrants; Fat consumption; Female; Fiber consumption; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Peripheral arterial disease; Peripheral Vascular Diseases - diet therapy; Peripheral Vascular Diseases - ethnology; Peripheral Vascular Diseases - etiology; Triglycerides - blood; Unsaturated fatty acid
• ISSN: 1346-9843; 1347-4820
• DOI: 10.1253/circj.72.44

Background The Western diet plays a role for the epidemics of obesity and related diseases. This study examined a possible association between peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and the dietary components of Japanese immigrants living in Brazil. Methods and Results In this cross-sectional study, 1,267 subjects (aged ≥30 years) with complete dietary, clinical and laboratory data were studied according to a standardized protocol. Ankle-to-brachial index was used to identify subjects with PAD. The overall prevalence of PAD was 14.6%. Subjects with PAD were older, had lower education and higher mean values of blood pressure, triglycerides, and fasting and 2-h plasma glucose levels compared with those without the disease. Among the subjects with PAD, the consumption of fiber from whole grains (3.0 vs 3.4 g, p=0.001) and linoleic acids (11.0 vs 11.7 g, p=0.017) were lower and intake of total (72.8 vs 69.1 g, p=0.016) and saturated fatty acids (17.4 vs 16.3 g, p=0.012) were higher than those without PAD. Results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between PAD with high total fat intake, low intake of fiber from fruit and oleic acid, independently of other variables. Conclusions Despite limitations in examining the cause - effect relationship, the data support the notion that diet could be important in reducing the occurrence of PAD. (Circ J 2008; 72: 44 - 50)