Differences in neonatal exposure to estradiol or testosterone on ovarian function and hormonal levels
Highlights • Androgen induces more pronounced reproductive changes that mimic PCOS pathogenesis. • Neonatal androgen or estrogen exposure leads to different phenotypes in adult rats. • Androgen treatment in early life increases LH and testosterone levels in adult rats. • Estrogen treatment in early...
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| Published in | General and comparative endocrinology Vol. 212; pp. 28 - 33 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Elsevier Inc
01.02.2015
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| Abstract | Highlights • Androgen induces more pronounced reproductive changes that mimic PCOS pathogenesis. • Neonatal androgen or estrogen exposure leads to different phenotypes in adult rats. • Androgen treatment in early life increases LH and testosterone levels in adult rats. • Estrogen treatment in early life alters folliculogenesis during rat adulthood. |
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| AbstractList | Highlights • Androgen induces more pronounced reproductive changes that mimic PCOS pathogenesis. • Neonatal androgen or estrogen exposure leads to different phenotypes in adult rats. • Androgen treatment in early life increases LH and testosterone levels in adult rats. • Estrogen treatment in early life alters folliculogenesis during rat adulthood. Exposure to an excess of androgen or estrogen can induce changes in reproductive function in adult animals that resemble polycystic ovary syndrome in humans. However, considerable differences exist among several types of animal models. Little is known about the molecular features of steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis in the ovaries of rats exposed to different sex steroids as neonates. Here, we evaluated the impact of androgen and estrogen exposure on the ovaries of adult female rats during their neonatal period in the gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1, two key players of steroidogenesis. We also assessed hormone levels, folliculogenesis and the theca-interstitial cell population. The study was performed on the second postnatal day in thirty female Wistar rats that were sorted into the following three intervention groups: testosterone, estradiol and vehicle (control group). The animals were euthanized 90days after birth. The main outcomes were hormone serum levels, ovary histomorphometry and gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1 as analyzed via quantitative real-time PCR. We found that exposure to excess testosterone in early life increased the LH and testosterone serum levels, the LH/FSH ratio, ovarian theca-interstitial area and gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1 in adult rats. Estrogen induced an increase in the ovarian theca-interstitial area, the secondary follicle population and gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1. All animals exposed to the sex steroids presented with closed vaginas. Our data suggest that testosterone resulted in more pronounced reproductive changes than did estrogen exposure. Our results might provide some insight into the role of different hormones on reproductive development and on the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations of conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome. Exposure to an excess of androgen or estrogen can induce changes in reproductive function in adult animals that resemble polycystic ovary syndrome in humans. However, considerable differences exist among several types of animal models. Little is known about the molecular features of steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis in the ovaries of rats exposed to different sex steroids as neonates. Here, we evaluated the impact of androgen and estrogen exposure on the ovaries of adult female rats during their neonatal period in the gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1, two key players of steroidogenesis. We also assessed hormone levels, folliculogenesis and the theca-interstitial cell population. The study was performed on the second postnatal day in thirty female Wistar rats that were sorted into the following three intervention groups: testosterone, estradiol and vehicle (control group). The animals were euthanized 90 days after birth. The main outcomes were hormone serum levels, ovary histomorphometry and gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1 as analyzed via quantitative real-time PCR. We found that exposure to excess testosterone in early life increased the LH and testosterone serum levels, the LH/FSH ratio, ovarian theca-interstitial area and gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1 in adult rats. Estrogen induced an increase in the ovarian theca-interstitial area, the secondary follicle population and gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1. All animals exposed to the sex steroids presented with closed vaginas. Our data suggest that testosterone resulted in more pronounced reproductive changes than did estrogen exposure. Our results might provide some insight into the role of different hormones on reproductive development and on the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations of conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome. •Androgen induces more pronounced reproductive changes that mimic PCOS pathogenesis.•Neonatal androgen or estrogen exposure leads to different phenotypes in adult rats.•Androgen treatment in early life increases LH and testosterone levels in adult rats.•Estrogen treatment in early life alters folliculogenesis during rat adulthood. Exposure to an excess of androgen or estrogen can induce changes in reproductive function in adult animals that resemble polycystic ovary syndrome in humans. However, considerable differences exist among several types of animal models. Little is known about the molecular features of steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis in the ovaries of rats exposed to different sex steroids as neonates. Here, we evaluated the impact of androgen and estrogen exposure on the ovaries of adult female rats during their neonatal period in the gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1, two key players of steroidogenesis. We also assessed hormone levels, folliculogenesis and the theca-interstitial cell population. The study was performed on the second postnatal day in thirty female Wistar rats that were sorted into the following three intervention groups: testosterone, estradiol and vehicle (control group). The animals were euthanized 90days after birth. The main outcomes were hormone serum levels, ovary histomorphometry and gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1 as analyzed via quantitative real-time PCR. We found that exposure to excess testosterone in early life increased the LH and testosterone serum levels, the LH/FSH ratio, ovarian theca-interstitial area and gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1 in adult rats. Estrogen induced an increase in the ovarian theca-interstitial area, the secondary follicle population and gene expression of Lhr and Cyp17a1. All animals exposed to the sex steroids presented with closed vaginas. Our data suggest that testosterone resulted in more pronounced reproductive changes than did estrogen exposure. Our results might provide some insight into the role of different hormones on reproductive development and on the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations of conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome. |
| Author | Marcondes, Rodrigo R Baracat, Edmund C Maciel, Gustavo A.R Carvalho, Kátia C Simões, Manuel J Soares, José M Duarte, Daniele C Amaral, Vinícius C Garcia, Natália Lo Turco, Edson G |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_15406_ijcam_2020_13_00517 crossref_primary_10_6061_clinics_2017_08_09 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mce_2016_12_015 crossref_primary_10_3390_medicina56030100 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lfs_2021_119753 crossref_primary_10_1142_S2575900018300047 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10995_016_2062_5 crossref_primary_10_1093_humupd_dmac005 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph20010546 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bonr_2023_101710 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jri_2021_103289 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_toxrep_2022_09_013 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_017_13451_8 crossref_primary_10_1097_GRF_0000000000000154 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12958_017_0231_z crossref_primary_10_1515_hmbci_2016_0008 |
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| Snippet | Highlights • Androgen induces more pronounced reproductive changes that mimic PCOS pathogenesis. • Neonatal androgen or estrogen exposure leads to different... •Androgen induces more pronounced reproductive changes that mimic PCOS pathogenesis.•Neonatal androgen or estrogen exposure leads to different phenotypes in... Exposure to an excess of androgen or estrogen can induce changes in reproductive function in adult animals that resemble polycystic ovary syndrome in humans.... |
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| SubjectTerms | 17-Alpha-hydroxylase Androgens - pharmacology Animal models Animals Animals, Newborn - metabolism Endocrinology & Metabolism Estradiol - pharmacology Estrogens - pharmacology Female Follicle Stimulating Hormone - blood LH receptor Luteinizing Hormone - blood Ovarian Follicle - cytology Ovarian Follicle - physiology Polycystic ovary syndrome Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - drug therapy Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - metabolism Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - pathology Rats Rats, Wistar Steroid Testosterone - pharmacology |
| Title | Differences in neonatal exposure to estradiol or testosterone on ovarian function and hormonal levels |
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