The Effect of Subinhibitory Concentration of Metronidazole on the Growth and Biofilm Formation on Toxigenic Clostridioides difficile Strains Belonging to Different Ribotypes

is a predominant nosocomial pathogen within the healthcare setting able to produce biofilms. Sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics trigger mechanisms affecting bacterial virulence, including increased adhesion and biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to investigate...

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Published inPathogens (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 10; p. 1244
Main Authors Wultańska, Dorota, Karpiński, Paweł, Piotrowski, Michał, Pituch, Hanna
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 14.10.2023
MDPI
Subjects
Abscesses
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Bacterial infections
biofilm
Biofilms
Cell death
Clostridioides difficile
Confocal microscopy
Cytotoxicity
Infections
Laser applications
Metronidazole
Microscopy
Nosocomial infection
PCR-ribotypes
Scanning microscopy
Strains (organisms)
subinhibitory concentration of metronidazole
Virulence
Denmark
Poland
United States > US
PCR-ribotypes
subinhibitory concentration of metronidazole
Clostridioides difficile
biofilm
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Summary:is a predominant nosocomial pathogen within the healthcare setting able to produce biofilms. Sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics trigger mechanisms affecting bacterial virulence, including increased adhesion and biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to investigate how sub-MICs of metronidazole affect the biofilm formation of strains. We tested 14 reference and clinical strains, including hypervirulent strains of RT027. The MICs of metronidazole for the tested strains were determined using the broth microdilution method. Biofilm formation was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The strains belonging to RT027 produced the highest amounts of biofilm. The results of confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that all the tested strains developed larger biofilms with diversified architectures upon exposure to sub-MICs of metronidazole. In our study, we reveal that sub-MIC concentrations of metronidazole affect the biofilm formation of clinical and reference strains of . Importantly, metronidazole induces biofilm formation via hypervirulent RT027 strains.
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ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens12101244