Recent advances in microbiological and molecular biological detection techniques of tuberculous meningitis
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most common type of central nervous system tuberculosis (TB) and has the highest mortality and disability rate. Early diagnosis is key to improving the prognosis and survival rate of patients. However, laboratory diagnosis of TBM is often difficult due to its pauc...
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Published in | Frontiers in microbiology Vol. 14; p. 1202752 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Frontiers Media S.A
28.08.2023
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most common type of central nervous system tuberculosis (TB) and has the highest mortality and disability rate. Early diagnosis is key to improving the prognosis and survival rate of patients. However, laboratory diagnosis of TBM is often difficult due to its paucibacillary nature and sub optimal sensitivity of conventional microbiology and molecular tools which often fails to detect the pathogen. The gold standard for TBM diagnosis is the presence of MTB in the CSF. The recognised methods for the identification of MTB are acid-fast bacilli (AFB) detected under CSF smear microscopy, MTB cultured in CSF, and MTB detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Currently, many studies consider that all diagnostic techniques for TBM are not perfect, and no single technique is considered simple, fast, cheap, and efficient. A definite diagnosis of TBM is still difficult in current clinical practice. In this review, we summarise the current state of microbiological and molecular biological diagnostics for TBM, the latest advances in research, and discuss the advantages of these techniques, as well as the issues and challenges faced in terms of diagnostic effectiveness, laboratory infrastructure, testing costs, and clinical expertise, for clinicians to select appropriate testing methods. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 Edited by: Arabella Touati, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, France Reviewed by: Megha Sharma, AIIMS BILASPUR, India; Aliabbas A. Husain, Central India Institute of Medical Sciences, India |
ISSN: | 1664-302X 1664-302X |
DOI: | 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1202752 |