Time-dependent relationships between exercise training-induced changes in nitric oxide production and hormone regulation

• Published in: Experimental gerontology Vol. 166; p. 111888
• Main Authors: Fujie, Shumpei, Sanada, Kiyoshi, Hamaoka, Takafumi, Iemitsu, Motoyuki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.09.2022
• Subjects: Aging; Arterial stiffness; Exercise training; Nitric oxide; Time course; Time course; NO; eNOS; RPE; HR; cfPWV; HDL; SE; DBP; ANOVA; NOx; Aging; Exercise training; SBP; Arterial stiffness; ADMA; Akt; ET; CVD; AT; NOS; Nitric oxide; APJ; V.O2peak; ERK
• ISSN: 0531-5565; 1873-6815; 1873-6815
• DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111888

Aerobic exercise training (AT) reduces aging-induced deterioration of arterial stiffness and is associated with arterial nitric oxide (NO) production via changes in apelin and adropin as NO-upregulating hormones, and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) as a NO-downregulating hormone. However, the time-dependent effects of AT on NO production via NO-regulating hormones remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether AT-induced changes in the time course of NO production via NO-regulating hormones, participate in the AT-induced improvement in central arterial stiffening with advancing age. Methods: Thirty-three healthy Japanese middle-aged and older subjects (67 ± 1 years) were randomly divided into two groups: AT intervention and sedentary controls. Subjects in the training group completed 8-week of AT. Carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity as an index of central arterial stiffness and plasma nitrate/nitrite levels significantly changed from baseline at weeks 6 (P < 0.05) and 8 (P < 0.01). Interestingly, circulating apelin and adropin levels gradually increased during AT intervention and significantly increased from baseline at weeks 4, 6, and 8 (P < 0.01). Additionally, plasma ADMA levels significantly decreased at 8-week AT intervention (P < 0.01). These results suggest that AT-induced changes in the time course of NO production via NO-regulating hormones may participate in AT-induced improvements of central arterial stiffening with advancing age. •Differences of time-dependent changes in NO-regulating hormones by exercise occur.•The exercise-induced increase in NO production was regulated by NO-regulating hormones.•Levels of apelin, adropin, and ADMA change with exercise in a time-dependent manner.•NO production occurs in parallel with changes in arterial stiffness in older adults.•NO-regulating hormones may predict exercise-induced increase in NO production.