Chronic high-dose testosterone impairs economic decision making, but has no effect on memory in male rats

• Published in: Behavioural processes Vol. 218; p. 105044
• Main Authors: Wood, Ruth I., Chen, Michael Y., Snow, Elizabeth
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.05.2024
• Subjects: Anabolic agents; Animals; Behavior, animal; Choice behavior; cognition; Conditioning, operant; Conditioning, Operant - drug effects; Decision making; Decision Making - drug effects; Decision Making - physiology; food choices; Male; males; Memory - drug effects; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reward; Spatial memory; sugars; testosterone; Testosterone - pharmacology; Conditioning, operant; Choice behavior; Anabolic agents; Decision making; Behavior, animal; Spatial memory
• ISSN: 0376-6357; 1872-8308; 1872-8308
• DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2024.105044

The goal is to understand consequences of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse on cognitive function, using rats as a model. Economic decision making was evaluated in an operant test of effort value discounting, where subjects choose between 2 levers that deliver large and small rewards differing in maximum value and reward contrast. The hypothesis is that chronic high-dose testosterone increases preference for large rewards. Male rats were treated chronically with testosterone (7.5 mg/kg) or vehicle. Initially, all rats preferred the large reward lever when large and small rewards remained fixed at 3 and 1 sugar pellets, respectively. When different reward values were introduced, and with increasing response requirements, testosterone-treated rats made fewer responses for the large reward, and increased omissions. They earned fewer rewards overall. To determine if testosterone impairs memory, rats were tested for recognition memory with the novel object recognition and social transmission of food preference tasks, and for spatial memory with the radial arm maze and Morris water maze. There was not effect of chronic high-dose testosterone on any memory task. These results suggest that testosterone shifts economic decision making towards larger rewards even when they are disadvantageous, but does not alter memory in rats. •Anabolic steroids impair cognitive function in male rats.•Testosterone treatment enhances preference for large rewards.•Testosterone-treated rats omitted more responses and earned fewer rewards.•Testosterone has no effect on recognition or spatial memory.