Salt stress induces physiochemical alterations in rice grain composition and quality

• Published in: Journal of food science Vol. 85; no. 1; pp. 14 - 20
• Main Authors: Razzaq, Abdul, Ali, Arfan, Safdar, Luqman Bin, Zafar, Muhammad Mubashar, Rui, Yang, Shakeel, Amir, Shaukat, Abbad, Ashraf, Muhammad, Gong, Wankui, Yuan, Youlu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.01.2020
• Subjects: abiotic stress; Agricultural land; agricultural soils; Carbohydrates; Composition; Crop yield; Environmental factors; Food; Food availability; Grain; grain composition; grain nutrients; grain protein; human population; Human populations; leaves; Metabolism; mineral content; Oryza - chemistry; Oryza - growth & development; Oryza - physiology; Oryza sativa; Physiochemistry; Plant growth; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Plant Leaves - metabolism; Rice; rice grain; Saline environments; Salinity; Salinity effects; Salinity tolerance; Salt Stress; salt tolerance; Seeds - chemistry; Seeds - growth & development; Seeds - physiology; staple foods; Stress, Physiological; grain protein; salt stress; grain nutrients; grain composition; abiotic stress; rice grain
• ISSN: 0022-1147; 1750-3841; 1750-3841
• DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14983

Salinity has drastic effects on plant growth and productivity and is one of the major factors responsible for crop yield losses throughout the agricultural soils of the world. The mechanisms of salinity tolerance in plants are regulated by a set of inherent multigenes and prevalent environmental factors, which bring about a myriad of metabolic changes in each plant part. The stress‐induced metabolic changes in the rice plant have been intensively studied, but extensively in plant parts such as stem, leaf, and root. However, little information exists in the literature about such stress‐induced architectural and physiological changes in rice grain, a premier staple food of a large proportion of human population. Thus, the current review comprehensively describes the effects of salinity stress on rice grain composition including changes in carbohydrate, protein, fat, and mineral contents. Elucidation of salinity induced changes in rice grain composition would help to understand whether or not a nutritious and healthy staple food is available to human population from rice grown under saline environments.