Passive cluster-based multipath routing protocol for wireless sensor networks

• Published in: Wireless networks Vol. 19; no. 8; pp. 1851 - 1866
• Main Authors: Jin, Ren-Cheng, Gao, Teng, Song, Jin-Yan, Zou, Ji-Yan, Wang, Li-Ding
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston Springer US 01.11.2013; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Access methods and protocols, osi model; Algorithms; Analysis; Applied sciences; Clustering; Clusters; Communications Engineering; Computer Communication Networks; Computer networks; Computer science; control theory; systems; Computer systems and distributed systems. User interface; Electrical Engineering; Energy consumption; Energy efficiency; Energy management; Engineering; Exact sciences and technology; IT in Business; Minimum cost; Networks; Performance evaluation; Protocol; Quality of service; Radiocommunications; Remote sensors; Routing; Routing (telecommunications); Sensors; Simulation; Software; Studies; Telecommunications; Telecommunications and information theory; Teleprocessing networks. Isdn; Wireless networks; Wireless sensor networks; Energy efficiency; Many to one; Multipath routing; Passive clustering; Quality of service; Energy consumption; Transmission protocol; Multipath propagation; Cluster; Routing; Physical layer; Energy savings; Delay; Aggregation; Leader election; Optimal trajectory; Wireless network; Routing protocols; Optimal path; Access protocol; Sensor array; Service quality
• ISSN: 1022-0038; 1572-8196
• DOI: 10.1007/s11276-013-0570-4

Energy efficiency and quality of service (QoS) are both essential issues in the applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) all along, which are mainly reflected in the development of routing and MAC protocols. However, there is little design for achieving the dual performances simultaneously. In this paper, we develop a practical passive cluster-based node-disjoint many to one multipath routing protocol to satisfy the requirements of energy efficiency and QoS in practical WSNs. Passive clustering approach is put to use in the first round, while active clustering technique is taken in the other rounds. Implementation of smart delay strategy makes the cluster distribute uniformly, as well as lessen the number of nodes that have taken part in routing. Among cluster heads, a node-disjoint many to one multipath routing discovery algorithm, which is composed of the optimal path searching process and multipath expansion process, is implemented to find multiple paths at the minimum cost. The simulation results show the proposed protocol achieved very good performance both in energy efficiency and QoS.