Association between anti-mullerian hormone and metabolic syndrome: insights from a prospective community-based study

• Published in: BMC endocrine disorders Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 97 - 11
• Main Authors: Amiri, Mina, Mousavi, Maryam, Noroozzadeh, Mahsa, Farahmand, Maryam, Azizi, Fereidoun, Ramezani Tehrani, Fahimeh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 27.06.2024; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Adult; Age; Aged; Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH); Anti-Mullerian Hormone - blood; Biomarkers - blood; Blood pressure; Community-based study; Comparative analysis; Diabetes; Exercise; Family medical history; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glucose; High density lipoprotein; Hormones; Humans; Lipids; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic syndrome (MetS); Metabolic Syndrome - blood; Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology; Middle Aged; Obesity; Ovaries; Pathogenesis; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Population; Population studies; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Questionnaires; Risk Factors; Trends; Type 2 diabetes; Variables; Women; Iran; Metabolic syndrome (MetS); Community-based study; Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)
• ISSN: 1472-6823; 1472-6823
• DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01627-z

Limited studies have investigated the relationship between Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), yielding inconclusive results. This study aimed to examine the relationship between AMH levels and MetS and its components in women from a general population. This prospective study recruited 769 women. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) models analyzed longitudinal trends of MetS components. Cox proportional hazard models evaluated effect of age-specific AMH tertiles on MetS occurrence, adjusting for confounders. The GEE analysis indicated that women in the third tertile exhibited higher mean FPG compared to those in the first tertile of age-specific AMH (3 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.40, 5.60; P = 0.024); however, this association became non-significant after adjustment. Notably, the second tertile showed a significant decrease in FPG mean changes over time (-0.69 mg/dL; 95% CI: -1.31, -0.07; P  = 0.030). Women in the second and third tertiles of age-specific AMH demonstrated lower mean HDL-C compared to the first tertile (-2.96 mg/dL; 95% CI: -4.67, -1.26; P < 0.001 and -2.63 mg/dL; 95% CI: -4.31, -0.96; P = 0.002, respectively). The association between HDL-C changes and the second tertile remained significant after adjustment (-1.91 mg/dL; 95% CI: -3.68, -0.14; P = 0.034). No significant associations were observed between age-specific AMH tertiles and TG and SBP/DBP. Cox models revealed no significant differences in the hazard ratio of MetS between AMH tertiles after adjusting for confounders. Despite minor variations in MetS components, AMH levels did not affect MetS risk in women from a general population.