Qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthraquinone derivatives in rhizomes of tissue culture-raised Rheum emodi Wall. plants

• Published in: Journal of plant physiology Vol. 167; no. 9; pp. 749 - 756
• Main Authors: Malik, Sonia, Sharma, Nandini, Sharma, Upendra K., Singh, Narendra P., Bhushan, Shashi, Sharma, Madhu, Sinha, Arun K., Ahuja, Paramvir S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Munich Elsevier GmbH 15.06.2010; Elsevier
• Subjects: analytical methods; Anthraquinone; Anthraquinones; Anthraquinones - chemistry; Biological and medical sciences; chemical analysis; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; chrysophanol; Culture; Derivatives; emodin; Emodin - analogs & derivatives; Emodin - chemistry; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glycosides; Glycosides - chemistry; Liquids; physcion; Plant physiology and development; Plant Roots - chemistry; Plant tissue culture; Polygonaceae; qualitative analysis; Quantitative analysis; Rheum; Rheum - chemistry; Rheum - growth & development; Rheum emodi; Rhizome - chemistry; rhizomes; Secondary metabolite; secondary metabolites; Survival; Walls; BAP; Anthraquinone; Secondary metabolite; Polygonaceae; Rheum emodi; MS; IBA; PGR; Plant tissue culture; PPFD; HPLC; Plant tissue; Anthraquinone derivatives; Metabolite; Tissue culture; Rheum; Plant physiology; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Rhizome; Herbaceous plant; Spermatophyta; Secondary metabolism; Quantitative analysis
• ISSN: 0176-1617; 1618-1328
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.12.007

This paper presents quantification of five anthraquinone derivatives (emodin glycoside, chrysophanol glycoside, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion) in rhizomes of hardened micro-propagated Rheum emodi plants using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Aseptic shoot cultures were raised using rhizome buds. Shoot multiplication occurred in both agar gelled and liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 10.0 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 5.0 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Rooted plantlets obtained on plant growth regulator (PGR)-free medium were transferred to soil with 92% survival. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of five anthraquinone derivatives: emodin glycoside, chrysophanol glycoside, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion in rhizomes of tissue culture-raised plants. Only emodin glycoside (1) and chrysophanol glycoside (2) were present in 6-month-old hardened tissue cultured plants. In addition, the other three derivatives (emodin (3), chrysophanol (4) and physcion (5)) were also detected after 9 months.