The influence of crop predecessor and chemicalization levels on grain quality and spring wheat productivity

• Published in: IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science Vol. 548; no. 7; pp. 72014 - 72020
• Main Authors: Zaitsev, A M, Kovalenko, I N
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bristol IOP Publishing 01.08.2020
• Subjects: Agricultural research; Ammonium; Ammonium nitrate; Corn; Economics; Fertilizers; Forest soils; Gluten; Grain; Grasses; Herbicides; Mineral fertilizers; Productivity; Profitability; Spring wheat; Steam; Steppes; Wheat
• ISSN: 1755-1307; 1755-1315
• DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/548/7/072014

The research purpose is to assess the influence of predecessor and chemization levels on grain quality and spring wheat productivity. The research was conducted in 2018-2019 in the forest-steppe zone of the Irkutsk region on gray forest soil on the experimental field of the Irkutsk Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture. The two-factor experiment scheme included predecessors: pure steam; annual grasses (pea-oat mixture) and corn, as well as chemization levels: without fertilizers; mineral fertilizer N45P45K45 (diammophosca and ammonium nitrate); mineral fertilizer N45P45K45 and herbicides. The highest productivity of spring wheat grain of 2.62-2.82 t / ha was obtained by pure steam. Compared with its predecessor, corn productivity growth was 0.38-0.76 t / ha, compared with annual grasses - 0.65-0.99 t/ha. The increase from fertilizers is reliable and its value is higher for non-fallow predecessors for corn 0.36-0.38 t / ha, for annual grasses 0.33-0.34 t / ha. The grain productivity was 62-93% dependent on the predecessor and 3-28% on the chemization level. The placement of wheat in pure steam increased the grain nature by 35-40 g, the glassiness content by 1.6-2.2%, and the gluten content by 3.4-6.0% compared to non-steam predecessors. The share of the influence of the predecessor on the grain quality is 67-92%, the share of the influence of the chemization level is 3-10% and the interaction of factors accounts for 2-8%. The application of mineral fertilizers increases the gross grain harvest, but reduces the profitability compared to the non-winded background for all predecessors.