Study of Culture Conversion in Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis on All-Oral Longer Regimen at IGIMS, Patna

• Published in: Journal of pharmacy & bioallied science Vol. 16; no. Suppl 2; pp. S1549 - S1553
• Main Authors: Kumar, Gudesh, Kumar, Manish, Muni, Sweta, Kumar, Rakesh, Shankar, Manish, Kumar, Randhir, Kumari, Namrata
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd 01.04.2024; Wolters Kluwer - Medknow; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: all oral; bedaquiline; Drug resistance; Isoniazid; Multidrug resistance; multidrug-resistant; Original; Patients; Rifampin; Sputum; treatment; Tuberculosis; treatment; All oral; sputum; bedaquiline; tuberculosis; multidrug-resistant
• ISSN: 0976-4879; 0975-7406
• DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_407_23

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) refers to tuberculosis that resists at least two primary drugs, namely isoniazid and rifampicin. To assess the management of MDR-TB, sputum culture conversion is performed. This study aimed to determine the culture conversion status of MDR-TB patients undergoing an all-oral longer regimen. This research constitutes an observational and prospective study conducted within a hospital setting. The study was done at the Department of Microbiology, IGIMS, Patna, from October 2020 to March 2022. Culture conversion in multidrug resistance pulmonary tuberculosis on all-oral longer regimens took one spot and one morning sample of sputum as per standard protocol after completing two months of all-oral longer regimens and culturing it in liquid broth using Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 System at two, four then six months till we got a negative result. Maximum number of the cases, 77 (74.8%), belonged to 19-35 years of age group. Males were 68 (66.1%) and females were 35 (33.9%), respectively, with male to female ratio of 1.9:1. After 2 months of oral longer regimen treatment, out of 103 cases, we found 98 (95.1%) patients had sputum for culture positive and only five (4.2%) patients had sputum for culture negative. After 6 months of oral longer regimen treatment, out of 101 cases, we found 16 (15.8%) patients had sputum for culture positive and 85 (85.2%) patients had sputum for culture negative. In patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) who received an all-oral longer regimen, the introduction of bedaquiline led to positive outcomes as evidenced by a greater number of negative sputum cultures, a decrease in culture reversions, and a reduced risk of developing a more resistant form of MDR-TB.