Cytonemes as specialized signaling filopodia

Development creates a vast array of forms and patterns with elegant economy, using a small vocabulary of pattern-generating proteins such as BMPs, FGFs and Hh in similar ways in many different contexts. Despite much theoretical and experimental work, the signaling mechanisms that disperse these morp...

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Published inDevelopment (Cambridge) Vol. 141; no. 4; pp. 729 - 736
Main Authors Kornberg, Thomas B, Roy, Sougata
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Company of Biologists 15.02.2014
Subjects
Animals
Cell Communication - physiology
Cell Surface Extensions - physiology
Drosophila
Imaginal Discs - cytology
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism
Models, Biological
Morphogenesis - physiology
Primers
Protein Transport - physiology
Pseudopodia - physiology
Signal Transduction - physiology
Gradient
Morphogen
Cytoneme transfer
Filopodia
Drosophila
Cytoneme plasticity
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Summary:Development creates a vast array of forms and patterns with elegant economy, using a small vocabulary of pattern-generating proteins such as BMPs, FGFs and Hh in similar ways in many different contexts. Despite much theoretical and experimental work, the signaling mechanisms that disperse these morphogen signaling proteins remain controversial. Here, we review the conceptual background and evidence that establishes a fundamental and essential role for cytonemes as specialized filopodia that transport signaling proteins between signaling cells. This evidence suggests that cytoneme-mediated signaling is a dispersal mechanism that delivers signaling proteins directly at sites of cell-cell contact.
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ISSN:0950-1991
1477-9129
DOI:10.1242/dev.086223