Trophic Nutrition in ICU Patients Undergoing High-Flow Oxygen Therapy and/or Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation: The Nutri-Trophic Study

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 16; no. 9; p. 1366
• Main Authors: Reta-Pérez, Olivia, Colmenero-Ruiz, Manuel, Hernández-Socorro, Carmen Rosa, Saavedra, Pedro, Maichle, Silmary F, Portugal, Esther, Cerezo-Arias, Mariola, Sánchez Alés, Laura, Martínez-Carmona, Juan F, Mateu-Campos, Lidon, Lorencio-Cárdenas, Carol, García-Miguélez, Ana, Sosa-Durr, María, San Martín-Bragado, María, Ruiz-Santana, Sergio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30.04.2024
• Subjects: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; acute respiratory failure; Aged; Body mass index; Care and treatment; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Development and progression; Enteral nutrition; Enteral Nutrition - methods; enteral nutrition critically; Female; Food and nutrition; high-flow nasal oxygen therapy; Hospital patients; Hospitals; Humans; Intensive care; Intensive Care Units; Intubation; Logistic Models; Male; Malnutrition; Middle Aged; Mortality; noninvasive ventilation; Noninvasive Ventilation - methods; Nutrition research; nutrition support; Nutrition therapy; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy - methods; Oxygen therapy; Parenteral nutrition; Patients; Prospective Studies; Proteins; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory failure; Respiratory Insufficiency - mortality; Respiratory Insufficiency - therapy; Spain; Trauma; Treatment Outcome; trophic feeding; Ventilators; Spain; high-flow nasal oxygen therapy; acute respiratory failure; enteral nutrition critically; nutrition support; noninvasive ventilation; trophic feeding
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu16091366

Enteral nutrition (EN) therapy in ICU patients requiring oxygen therapy with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and/or noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) is controversial. A prospective, cohort, observational, and multicenter study was conducted in 10 ICUs in Spain to analyze the 90-day mortality, tolerance, side effects, and infectious complications of trophic EN in patients requiring HFNC therapy and/or NIVM. A total of 149 patients were enrolled. The mean age, severity scores, tracheobronchitis, bacteremia, and antimicrobial therapy were significantly higher in deceased than in living patients ( < 0.05), and the mortality rate was 14.8%. A total of 110 patients received oral trophic feedings, 36 patients received nasogastric tube feedings (NGFs), and 3 received mixed feedings. Trophic EN was discontinued in only ten (14.9%) patients because of feeding-related complications. The variables selected for the multivariate logistic regression on feeding discontinuation were SOFA upon admission (OR per unit = 1.461) and urea (OR per mg/dL = 1.029). There were no significant differences in the development of new infections according to the route of EN administration. Early trophic feeding administered to patients with acute respiratory failure requiring noninvasive ventilation is safe and feasible, and is associated with few dietary and infectious complications in a mortality, setting comparable to similar studies.