Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in cod Gadus morhua and in vitro antibacterial activity against Vibrio anguillarum

• Published in: Diseases of aquatic organisms Vol. 56; no. 2; pp. 127 - 133
• Main Authors: SAMUELSEN, Ole Bent, BERGH, Øivind, ERVIK, Arne
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oldendorf Inter-Research 24.09.2003
• Subjects: Animal aquaculture; Animal productions; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacokinetics; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Biological and medical sciences; Fishes - metabolism; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gadus morhua; In Vitro Techniques; Marine; pharmacokinetics; Pisciculture; Thiamphenicol - analogs & derivatives; Thiamphenicol - pharmacokinetics; Thiamphenicol - pharmacology; Time Factors; Vertebrate aquaculture; Vibrio - drug effects; Vibrio anguillarum; Farming animal; Intravenous administration; Oral administration; In vitro; Marine environment; Listonella anguillarum; Antibiotic; Vertebrata; Treatment; Pisces; Florfenicol; Bacteria; Vibrionaceae; Fish; Antibacterial agent; Pharmacokinetics; Aquaculture; Gadus morhua
• ISSN: 0177-5103; 1616-1580
• DOI: 10.3354/dao056127

The pharmacokinetic profile of the antibacterial agent florfenicol was studied in plasma after intravenous (i.v.) injection and in plasma, muscle and liver following oral (p.o.) administration to cod Gadus morhua, held in seawater at 8 degrees C and weighing 100 to 200 g. Following i.v. injection, the plasma drug concentration-time profile showed 2 distinct phases. The plasma distribution half-life (t1/2alpha) was estimated to be 1.6 h, the elimination half-life (t1/2beta) to be 43 h, the total body clearance (ClT) to be 0.015 1 kg(-1) h(-1) and mean residence time (MRT) to be 74 h. The volume of distribution at steady state, Vd(ss), was calculated to be 1.1 l kg(-1). Following p.o. administration, the bioavailability was estimated to be 91%, the peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) to be 10.8 microg ml(-1) and the time to peak plasma concentrations (Tmax) to be 7 h. Corresponding Cmax and Tmax values were 13.0 microg g(-1) and 9 h, respectively, in muscle and 12.1 microg g(-1) and 9 h, respectively, in liver. The in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of florfenicol against 3 Vibrio anguillarum strains isolated from diseased cod (A-21, HI-610, HI-618) were 0.5 microg ml(-1) for all 3 strains.