Cytocapsular tubes conduct cell translocation

Cell locomotion is essential for multicellular organism embryo development, organ homeostasis, tissue regeneration, immune responses, and tumor metastasis. Here we report that single mammalian cells can generate two extracellular membranous compartments: cytocapsulae and cytocapsular tubes. Cells mi...

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Published inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 115; no. 6; pp. E1137 - E1146
Main Authors Yi, Tingfang, Wagner, Gerhard
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States National Academy of Sciences 06.02.2018
SeriesPNAS Plus
Subjects
Anchors
Biological Sciences
Cell migration
Cells
Homeostasis
Immune response
Initiation factor eIF-4E
Locomotion
Mammalian cells
Metastases
Metastasis
PNAS Plus
Proteins
Regeneration
Tissue engineering
Translocation
Transportation
Transportation networks
Tubes
Tumors
translation initiation
eIF4E
cytocapsula
cell translocation
cytocapsular tube
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Summary:Cell locomotion is essential for multicellular organism embryo development, organ homeostasis, tissue regeneration, immune responses, and tumor metastasis. Here we report that single mammalian cells can generate two extracellular membranous compartments: cytocapsulae and cytocapsular tubes. Cells migrate in cytocapsulae and engender cytocapsular tubes, which exhibit pleiotropic biological functions and provide tubular routes for directed cell transportation. Ultrastructural analysis by electron microscope revealed that nanoprotrusions surround and anchor cytocapsular tubes in place. Multiple cytocapsular tubes interconnect and form networks supporting directed cell transportation in diverse directions. Enhanced translation initiation factor eIF4E upregulates translation of transcripts encoding proteins important for organelle development. Thus, this study proposes a mechanism of directed cell translocation in cytocapsular tubes, which may facilitate the management of diseases, including tumor metastasis.
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Author contributions: T.Y. and G.W. designed research; T.Y. performed research; T.Y. analyzed data; and T.Y. and G.W. wrote the paper.
Contributed by Gerhard Wagner, December 20, 2017 (sent for review October 13, 2017; reviewed by Davide Ruggero and Nahum Sonenberg)
Reviewers: D.R., University of California, San Francisco; and N.S., McGill University.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1717910115