Changes of Active Substances in Ganoderma lucidum during Different Growth Periods and Analysis of Their Molecular Mechanism

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 29; no. 11; p. 2591
• Main Authors: Gao, Xusheng, Huo, Huimin, Bao, Haiying, Wang, Jialu, Gao, Dan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 31.05.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Amino acids; Analysis; Aurothioglucose; Cabergoline; Chinese medicine; Flavonoids; Functional foods; Fungal Proteins - metabolism; Ganoderenic acids; Ganoderma lucidum; Hydrocarbons; Medicine, Chinese; Metabolism; Metabolites; metabolomics; Metabolomics - methods; Morphology; Proteins; Proteomics; Proteomics - methods; Reishi - chemistry; Reishi - growth & development; Reishi - metabolism; Scientific equipment and supplies industry; Steroids; Sterols; Trends; Triterpenes - chemistry; Triterpenes - metabolism; United States; China; Ganoderenic acids; Ganoderma lucidum; proteomics; metabolomics
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112591

, renowned as an essential edible and medicinal mushroom in China, remains shrouded in limited understanding concerning the intrinsic mechanisms governing the accumulation of active components and potential protein expression across its diverse developmental stages. Accordingly, this study employed a meticulous integration of metabolomics and proteomics techniques to scrutinize the dynamic alterations in metabolite accumulation and protein expression in throughout its growth phases. The metabolomics analysis unveiled elevated levels of triterpenoids, steroids, and polyphenolic compounds during the budding stage (BS) of mushroom growth, with prominent compounds including Diplazium and Ganoderenic acids E, H, and I, alongside key steroids such as cholesterol and 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol. Additionally, nutrients such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, and purines exhibited heightened presence during the maturation stage (FS) of ascospores. Proteomic scrutiny demonstrated the modulation of triterpenoid synthesis by the CYP450, HMGR, HMGS, and ERG protein families, all exhibiting a decline as . progressed, except for the ARE family, which displayed an upward trajectory. Therefore, BS is recommended as the best harvesting period for . This investigation contributes novel insights into the holistic exploitation of .