Ultrasonographic grayscale findings related to fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: comparison with transient elastography and Fib-4 index

• Published in: Journal of medical ultrasonics (2001) Vol. 48; no. 3; pp. 323 - 333
• Main Authors: Matsumoto, Naoki, Kumagawa, Mariko, Ogawa, Masahiro, Kaneko, Masahiro, Watanabe, Yukinobu, Nakagawara, Hiroshi, Masuzaki, Ryota, Kanda, Tatsuo, Moriyama, Mitsuhiko, Sugitani, Masahiko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Singapore 01.07.2021; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Abdomen; Antibodies; Atrophy; Care and treatment; Diagnostic imaging; Fatty liver; Fibrosis; Gray scale; Health aspects; Imaging; Liver; Liver diseases; Medical research; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Medicine, Experimental; Mortality; Original Article–Gastroenterology; Patients; Radiology; Regression analysis; Roughness; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasound; Ultrasound imaging; Veins & arteries; Japan; Fatty liver; Transient elastography; B-mode; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Ultrasonography
• ISSN: 1346-4523; 1613-2254
• DOI: 10.1007/s10396-021-01107-0

Purpose Fibrosis is a predictor of mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In our institution, abdominal ultrasonography has been performed based on a unified method consisting of 25 images. We investigated ultrasonographic grayscale findings related to fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Methods This retrospective study comprised 41 cases of pathologically proven fatty liver between January 2015 and September 2020. A total of 26 ultrasonographic findings were subjectively evaluated. These findings, transient elastography (TE) with M probe, and FIB-4 index were compared with fibrosis stage. Results The frequency of roughness of the dorsal side of the surface ( p  < 0.001), heterogenicity of the parenchyma ( p  = 0.003), narrowing of the hepatic vein ( p  = 0.004), and splenomegaly ( p  < 0.001) were strongly correlated with the fibrosis stage. Logistic regression analysis for stage ≥ 3 showed narrowing of the hepatic vein (odds ratio [OR] 5.860, p  = 0.031) and splenomegaly (OR 6.290, p  = 0.028). Logistic regression analysis for stage 4 showed roughness of the ventral side of the surface (OR 42.0, p  = 0.019). The AUROC for stage 3 and stage 4 with the number of positive ultrasonographic findings was 0.856, and 0.940, respectively. The AUROC for F3 and F4 with TE was 0.831 and 0.861, respectively. The AUROC for stage 3 and stage 4 with FIB-4 index was 0.815 and 0.806, respectively. Conclusions Narrowing of the hepatic vein, roughness of the dorsal side of the surface, heterogenicity of the parenchyma, and splenomegaly and their combination could predict fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.