Osseodensification effect on implants primary and secondary stability: Multicenter controlled clinical trial

• Published in: Clinical implant dentistry and related research Vol. 23; no. 3; pp. 317 - 328
• Main Authors: Bergamo, Edmara T. P., Zahoui, Abbas, Barrera, Raúl Bravo, Huwais, Salah, Coelho, Paulo G., Karateew, Edward Dwayne, Bonfante, Estevam A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.06.2021; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Biomechanics; Biomedical materials; Bone implants; clinical trial; Clinical trials; Control stability; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Dental Prosthesis Design; Diameters; Frequency analysis; Healing; Humans; Loading; Mandible; Mandible - surgery; Maxilla; Original; osseodensification; Osseointegration; Osteotomy; Patients; Quotients; Resonance Frequency Analysis; Surgery; Torque; Transplants & implants; clinical trial; osseodensification; osteotomy; osseointegration; dental implants
• ISSN: 1523-0899; 1708-8208
• DOI: 10.1111/cid.13007

Background Osseodensification (OD) has shown to improve implant stability; however, the influences of implant design, dimensions, and surgical site characteristics are unknown. Purpose To compare the insertion torque (IT) and temporal implant stability quotients (ISQ) of implants placed via OD or subtractive drilling (SD). Materials and Methods This multicenter controlled clinical trial enrolled 56 patients, whom were in need of at least 2 implants (n = 150 implants). Patients were treated with narrow, regular, or wide implants and short, regular, or long implants in the anterior or posterior region of the maxilla or in the posterior region of the mandible. Osteotomies were performed following manufacturers recommendation. IT was recorded with a torque indicator. ISQ was recorded with resonance frequency analysis immediately after surgery, 3 and 6 weeks. Results Data complied as a function of osteotomy indicated significantly higher IT for OD relative to SD. OD outperformed conventional SD for all pairwise comparisons of arches (maxilla and mandible) and areas operated (anterior and posterior), diameters and lengths of the implants, except for short implants. Overall, ISQ data also demonstrated significantly higher values for OD compared to SD regardless of the healing period. Relative to immediate readings, ISQ values significantly decreased at 3 weeks, returning to immediate levels at 6 weeks; however, ISQ values strictly remained above 68 throughout healing time for OD. Data as a function of arch operated and osteotomy, area operated and osteotomy, implant dimensions and osteotomy, also exhibited higher ISQ values for OD relative to SD on pairwise comparisons, except for short implants. Conclusions OD demonstrated higher IT and temporal ISQ values relative to SD, irrespective of arch and area operated as well as implant design and dimension, with an exception for short implants. Future studies should focus on biomechanical parameters and bone level change evaluation after loading.