Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Production of Mixed-Acid Fermentation End Products

Mixed-acid fermentation end products have numerous applications in biotechnology. This is probably the main driving force for the development of multiple strains that are supposed to produce individual end products with high yields. The process of engineering Escherichia coli strains for applied pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology Vol. 2; p. 16
Main Authors Förster, Andreas H, Gescher, Johannes
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 23.05.2014
Subjects
acetate
Bioengineering and Biotechnology
E. coli
Ethanol
Lactate
mixed acid fermentation
succinate
acetate
succinate
mixed-acid fermentation
carbon source
lactate
ethanol
E. coli
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Summary:Mixed-acid fermentation end products have numerous applications in biotechnology. This is probably the main driving force for the development of multiple strains that are supposed to produce individual end products with high yields. The process of engineering Escherichia coli strains for applied production of ethanol, lactate, succinate, or acetate was initiated several decades ago and is still ongoing. This review follows the path of strain development from the general characteristics of aerobic versus anaerobic metabolism over the regulatory machinery that enables the different metabolic routes. Thereafter, major improvements for broadening the substrate spectrum of E. coli toward cheap carbon sources like molasses or lignocellulose are highlighted before major routes of strain development for the production of ethanol, acetate, lactate, and succinate are presented.
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This article was submitted to Process and Industrial Biotechnology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.
Reviewed by: Yasser Gaber, University of Groningen, Netherlands; Bo Wang, Arizona State University, USA; Tae Seok Moon, Washington University in St. Louis, USA
Edited by: Yuhong Zhou, University College London, UK
ISSN:2296-4185
2296-4185
DOI:10.3389/fbioe.2014.00016