Variation in the spatial distribution of erector spinae activity during a lumbar endurance task in people with low back pain

• Published in: Journal of anatomy Vol. 234; no. 4; pp. 532 - 542
• Main Authors: Sanderson, Andy, Martinez‐Valdes, Eduardo, Heneghan, Nicola R., Murillo, Carlos, Rushton, Alison, Falla, Deborah
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.04.2019; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: Adult; Back pain; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Electromyography; erector spinae; Female; functional muscle activity; high density EMG; Humans; Ito test; Low back pain; Low Back Pain - physiopathology; Lumbosacral Region - physiopathology; Male; Middle Aged; Original; Pain; Paraspinal Muscles - physiopathology; Physical Endurance; Skull; Spatial distribution; Young Adult; erector spinae; high density EMG; Ito test; functional muscle activity
• ISSN: 0021-8782; 1469-7580
• DOI: 10.1111/joa.12935

This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution and redistribution of lumbar erector spinae (ES) activity during a lumbar extension endurance task in pain‐free participants and how this is modified in people with low back pain (LBP). High density surface electromyography (HDEMG) was recorded using 13 × 5 electrode grids placed over the lumbar ES in 13 LBP and 13 control participants while completing an Ito test to task failure. The root mean square of the HDEMG signals was computed, a topographical map of the EMG amplitude generated and the centre of the activity (centroid) determined throughout the task. The centroid of the EMG amplitude map was systematically more cranial (F = 6.09, P = 0.022) for the LBP participants compared with the control subjects. Regression analysis showed that the extent of redistribution of ES activity was associated with longer endurance. These results show that LBP participants utilised a different motor strategy to perform the endurance task, characterised by greater activation of more cranial regions of the ES and less redistribution of ES activity throughout the task. This study provides new insight into the functional activation of the lumbar ES and how it is modified when people have pain.