Efficacy of EPA‐registered disinfectants against two human norovirus surrogates and Clostridioides difficile endospores

• Published in: Journal of applied microbiology Vol. 132; no. 6; pp. 4289 - 4299
• Main Authors: Huang, Jinge, Park, Geun Woo, Jones, Rachael M., Fraser, Angela M., Vinjé, Jan, Jiang, Xiuping
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Oxford University Press 01.06.2022
• Subjects: Animals; Antiseptics; Calicivirus, Feline; Cats; Clostridioides; Clostridioides difficile; Clostridioides difficile endospores; Disinfectants; Disinfectants - pharmacology; Disinfection; Disinfection & disinfectants; disinfection efficacy; feline calicivirus; human norovirus surrogate; Humans; Hydrogen peroxide; Iron sulfates; Norovirus; Reduction; Spores, Bacterial; Tulane virus; Viruses; Tulane virus; disinfection efficacy; feline calicivirus; human norovirus surrogate; Clostridioides difficile endospores; hydrogen peroxide
• ISSN: 1364-5072; 1365-2672
• DOI: 10.1111/jam.15524

Aims To determine the efficacy of a panel of nine EPA‐registered disinfectants against two human norovirus (HuNoV) surrogates (feline calicivirus [FCV] and Tulane virus [TuV]) and Clostridioides difficile endospores. Methods and Results Nine EPA‐registered products, five of which contained H2O2 as active ingredient, were tested against infectious FCV, TuV and C. difficile endospores using two ASTM methods, a suspension and carrier test. Efficacy claims against FCV were confirmed for 8 of 9 products. The most efficacious product containing H2O2 as ingredient achieved a >5.1 log reduction of FCV and >3.1 log reduction of TuV after 5 min, and >6.0 log reduction of C. difficile endospores after 10 min. Of the five products containing H2O2, no strong correlation (R2 = 0.25, p = 0.03) was observed between disinfection efficacy and H2O2 concentration. Addition of 0.025% ferrous sulphate to 1% H2O2 solution improved efficacy against FCV, TuV and C. difficile. Conclusion Disinfectants containing H2O2 are the most efficacious disinfection products against FCV, TuV and C. difficile endospores. Product formulation, rather than the concentration of H2O2 in a product, impacts the efficacy of a disinfection product. Significance and Impact of Study H2O2‐based disinfectants are efficacious against surrogate viruses for HuNoV and C. difficile endospores. Significance and Impact of Study H2O2‐based disinfectants are efficacious against surrogate viruses for HuNoV and C. difficile endospores.