Insulin sensitivity and kinetics in African American and White people with obesity: Insights from different study protocols
Objective Studies that used an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) have suggested that race is an important modulator of insulin sensitivity, β‐cell function, and insulin clearance. However, the validity of the IVGTT has been challenged. Methods This study assessed insulin sensitivity and ins...
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Published in | Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Vol. 30; no. 3; pp. 655 - 665 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.03.2022
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Objective
Studies that used an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) have suggested that race is an important modulator of insulin sensitivity, β‐cell function, and insulin clearance. However, the validity of the IVGTT has been challenged.
Methods
This study assessed insulin sensitivity and insulin kinetics in non‐Hispanic White (NHW, n = 29) and African American (AA, n = 14) people with obesity by using a hyperinsulinemic‐euglycemic pancreatic clamp with glucose tracer infusion, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and an IVGTT.
Results
Hepatic insulin sensitivity was better in AA participants than in NHW participants. Muscle insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion in relation to plasma glucose during the OGTT, and insulin clearance during basal conditions during the hyperinsulinemic‐euglycemic pancreatic clamp and during the OGTT were not different between AA participants and NHW participants. The acute insulin response to the large glucose bolus administered during the IVGTT was double in AA participants compared with NHW participants because of increased insulin secretion and reduced insulin clearance.
Conclusions
AA individuals are not more insulin resistant than NHW individuals, and the β‐cell response to glucose ingestion and postprandial insulin clearance are not different between AA individuals and NHW individuals. However, AA individuals have greater insulin secretory capacity and reduced insulin clearance capacity than NHW individuals and might be susceptible to hyperinsulinemia after consuming very large amounts of glucose. |
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Bibliography: | Funding information The work presented in this manuscript was supported by NIH grants R01 DK115400, P30 DK56341 (Nutrition Obesity Research Center), P30 DK020579 (Diabetes Research Center), and UL1TR000448 (Clinical Translational Science Award), as well as grants from the American Diabetes Association (1‐18‐ICTS‐119) and the Longer Life Foundation (LRP‐2019‐011). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation of the results ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Author contributions: BM designed the study. HCEK, BWP, DNR, and BM contributed to data acquisition, data analysis, and data interpretation. HCEK and BM wrote the first draft of the manuscript. The co-authors contributed to the revision of the manuscript for crucial intellectual content. All authors approved the final manuscript for publication. BM is the guarantor of this work, had full access to all the data in the study, and assumes full responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. |
ISSN: | 1930-7381 1930-739X |
DOI: | 10.1002/oby.23363 |