Work environment of hospital nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Brazil

• Published in: International nursing review Vol. 68; no. 2; pp. 228 - 237
• Main Authors: Santos, José Luís Guedes dos, Balsanelli, Alexandre Pazetto, Freitas, Etiane de Oliveira, Menegon, Fernando Henrique Antunes, Carneiro, Ieda Aparecida, Lazzari, Daniele Delacanal, Menezes, Jennifer Aguilar Leocádio De, Erdmann, Alacoque Lorenzini, Camponogara, Silviamar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.06.2021; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: Adult; Brazil - epidemiology; Colleges & universities; Content analysis; coronavirus infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; COVID-19 - nursing; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnostic tests; Hospitals; Hospitals, University; Humans; Job insecurity; Male; Mental health; Nurse led services; nurse's role; Nurses; Nursing; Nursing care; Nursing Staff, Hospital - psychology; organization and administration; Original; Pandemics; Personal protective equipment; Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology; Pneumonia, Viral - nursing; Pneumonia, Viral - virology; Policy making; SARS-CoV-2; Surveys and Questionnaires; university; Work environment; Workplace - psychology; Brazil; hospitals; nurse's role; organization and administration; university; work environment; coronavirus infections; pandemics
• ISSN: 0020-8132; 1466-7657
• DOI: 10.1111/inr.12662

Aim To investigate the nurses' work environment in university hospitals during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Brazil. Background The COVID‐19 pandemic brought challenging times for nurses worldwide. In Brazil, as well as in several countries, nurses are working hard in hospital settings caring for patients infected with the virus, sometimes with unfavourable work environment conditions. Methods This study was a convergent embedded mixed methods research. The sample comprised 104 nurses from three Brazilian university hospitals. Data were collected in April–June 2020 from an online questionnaire with a self‐reporting Likert scale survey designed to measure the nurses' perceptions of their work environment. Qualitative data in the form of written comments were also collected through an open question. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results The quantitative results showed that the responses to ‘I received training on the correct use of personal protective equipment’ and ‘I am afraid of being infected’ items had the best and worst evaluations, respectively. The qualitative findings revealed five themes: feeling of insecurity, lack of personal protective equipment, lack of diagnostic tests, changes in the care flow and fear of the unknown. Conclusion The study has highlighted the challenges faced by hospital nurses while caring for patients with COVID‐19. Implications for Nursing and Nursing Policy The gaps identified will assist the policymakers and hospital managers in developing policies to enhance the support offered to nurses and improve the care provided to patients with COVID‐19 in university hospitals. The results also indicate the need for attention to the mental health of the professionals due to the increasing workload and treatment of an illness hitherto unknown.