Role of estrogen receptors in health and disease

Estrogen receptors (ERs) regulate multiple complex physiological processes in humans. Abnormal ER signaling may result in various disorders, including reproductive system-related disorders (endometriosis, and breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer), bone-related abnormalities, lung cancer, cardiovascu...

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Published inFrontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne) Vol. 13; p. 839005
Main Authors Chen, Peng, Li, Bo, Ou-Yang, Ling
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 18.08.2022
Subjects
Endocrinology
estrogen receptor alpha
estrogen receptor beta
G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1
mediation
signaling pathway
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Summary:Estrogen receptors (ERs) regulate multiple complex physiological processes in humans. Abnormal ER signaling may result in various disorders, including reproductive system-related disorders (endometriosis, and breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer), bone-related abnormalities, lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disease, urogenital tract disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and cutaneous melanoma. ER alpha (ERα), ER beta (ERβ), and novel G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) have been identified as the most prominent ERs. This review provides an overview of ERα, ERβ, and GPER1, as well as their functions in health and disease. Furthermore, the potential clinical applications and challenges are discussed.
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Edited by: Ernestina Marianna De Francesco, University of Catania, Italy
Reviewed by: Elena Ortona, National Institute of Health (ISS), Italy; Nicola Amodio, Magna Græcia University, Italy
This article was submitted to Molecular and Structural Endocrinology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology
ISSN:1664-2392
1664-2392
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2022.839005