Suicidality and its relationship with depression, alcohol disorders and childhood experiences of violence: Results from the ESEMeD study

• Published in: Journal of affective disorders Vol. 175; pp. 168 - 174
• Main Authors: Hardt, J, Bernert, S, Matschinger, H, Angermeier, M.C, Vilagut, G, Bruffaerts, R, de Girolamo, G, de Graaf, R, Haro, J.M, Kovess, V, Alonso, J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.04.2015; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol; Alcoholism - epidemiology; Alcoholism - psychology; Cross-national survey; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Depression - epidemiology; Depression - psychology; Depressive Disorder - epidemiology; Depressive Disorder - psychology; Europe - epidemiology; Female; Humans; Life Sciences; Male; Markov Chains; Mental Disorders - epidemiology; Mental Disorders - psychology; Predictive Value of Tests; Psychiatry; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Santé publique et épidémiologie; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide attempt; Violence; Europe; Depression; Alcohol; Cross-national survey; Suicidal ideation; Suicide attempt
• ISSN: 0165-0327; 1573-2517
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.044

Abstract Background Suicidality constitutes a major health concern in many countries. The aim of the present paper was to analyse 10 of its risk factors and their interdependence. Methods Data on suicidality, mental disorders and experience of childhood violence was collected from 8796 respondents in the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD). The CIDI was used to assess mental disorders. Individuals were randomly divided into two subgroups. In one, a Graphical Markov model to predict suicidality was constructed, in the second, predictors were cross-validated. Results Lifetime suicidality was predicted mainly by lifetime depression and early experiences of violence, with a pseudo R -square of 12.8%. In addition, alcohol disorders predicted suicidality, but played a minor role compared with the other risk factors in this sample. Conclusion In addition to depression, early experience of violence constitutes an important risk factor of suicidality. Limitations This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study assessing risk factors for suicidality, not for suicide itself.