Composition and regulation of the immune microenvironment of salivary gland in Sjögren’s syndrome

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction and inflammation. Patients often have dry mouth and dry eye symptoms, which seriously affect their lives. Improving dry mouth and eye symptoms has become a common demand from patients. For t...

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Published inFrontiers in immunology Vol. 13; p. 967304
Main Authors Tan, Zhen, Wang, Li, Li, Xiaomei
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 13.09.2022
Subjects
chronic inflammation
hypoxia
immune microenvironment
Immunology
salivary gland
senility
Sjögren’s syndrome
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Summary:Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction and inflammation. Patients often have dry mouth and dry eye symptoms, which seriously affect their lives. Improving dry mouth and eye symptoms has become a common demand from patients. For this reason, researchers have conducted many studies on external secretory glands. In this paper, we summarize recent studies on the salivary glands of pSS patients from the perspective of the immune microenvironment. These studies showed that hypoxia, senescence, and chronic inflammation are the essential characteristics of the salivary gland immune microenvironment. In the SG of pSS, genes related to lymphocyte chemotaxis, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte activation are upregulated. Interferon (IFN)-related genes, DNA methylation, sRNA downregulation, and mitochondrial-related differentially expressed genes are also involved in forming the immune microenvironment of pSS, while multiple signaling pathways are involved in regulation. We further elucidated the regulation of the salivary gland immune microenvironment in pSS and relevant, targeted treatments.
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Edited by: Jing Ni, Anhui Medical University, China
Reviewed by: Huaxun Wu, Anhui Medical University, China; Muhammad Shahnawaz Soyfoo, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium; Elodie Rivière, INSERM U1184 Centre de recherche en Immunologie des Infections virales et des maladies auto-immunes, France
This article was submitted to Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2022.967304