Vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR): a review of indications, normal radiographic appearance and complications

• Published in: Pediatric radiology Vol. 45; no. 4; pp. 606 - 616
• Main Authors: Parnell, Shawn E., Effmann, Eric L., Song, Kit, Swanson, Jonathon O., Bompadre, Viviana, Phillips, Grace S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.04.2015; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Imaging; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Neuroradiology; Nuclear Medicine; Oncology; Patient Selection; Pediatrics; Pictorial Essay; Prosthesis Design; Radiography; Radiology; Respiratory Insufficiency - diagnostic imaging; Respiratory Insufficiency - surgery; Ribs; Self Expandable Metallic Stents - adverse effects; Titanium; Ultrasound; Radiography; Vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib; Children; Scoliosis; Thoracic insufficiency syndrome
• ISSN: 0301-0449; 1432-1998
• DOI: 10.1007/s00247-014-3128-4

Vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR) is increasingly used in the treatment of thoracic insufficiency, idiopathic and neuromuscular scoliosis and chest wall defects in children. In contrast to spinal fusion surgery, the VEPTR allows for growth while stabilizing the deformity. We illustrate the common indications and normal radiographic appearance of the three common configurations of VEPTR (cradle-to-cradle assembly, cradle with lumbar extension assembly, cradle-to-ala hook assembly). There is a relatively high rate of reported complications with VEPTR in the literature. We discuss the potential complications of VEPTR, including infection, rib fracture, dislodged hardware and neurological injury, with an emphasis on imaging diagnosis.