Elevated CO2 and temperature under future climate change increase severity of rice sheath blight

• Published in: Frontiers in plant science Vol. 14; p. 1115614
• Main Authors: Shen, Min, Cai, Chuang, Song, Lian, Qiu, Jiangbo, Ma, Chuanqi, Wang, Dongming, Gu, Xinyue, Yang, Xiong, Wei, Wei, Tao, Ye, Zhang, Jishuang, Liu, Gang, Zhu, Chunwu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A 26.01.2023
• Subjects: elevated temperature; free-air CO2 enrichment; Oryza sativa L; Plant Science; Rhizoctonia solani; sheath blight; T-FACE
• ISSN: 1664-462X; 1664-462X
• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1115614

Sheath blight (ShB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani , is one of the major threats to rice ( Oryza sativa L.) production. However, it is not clear how the risk of rice ShB will respond to elevated CO 2 and temperature under future climate change. Here, we conducted, field experiments of inoculated R. solani under combinations of two CO 2 levels (ambient and enriched up to 590 μmol mol -1 ) and two temperature levels (ambient and increased by 2.0°C) in temperature by free-air CO 2 enrichment (T-FACE) system for two cultivars (a susceptible cultivar, Lemont and a resistant cultivar, YSBR1). Results indicate that for the inoculation of plants with R. solani , the vertical length of ShB lesions for cv. Lemont was significantly longer than that for cv. YSBR1 under four CO 2 and temperature treatments. The vertical length of ShB lesions was significantly increased by elevated temperature, but not by elevated CO 2 , for both cultivars. The vertical length of ShB lesions under the combination of elevated CO 2 and elevated temperature was increased by 21–38% for cv. Lemont and by -1–6% for cv. YSBR1. A significant increase in MDA level was related to a significant increase in the vertical length of ShB lesions under the combination of elevated CO 2 and elevated temperature. Elevated CO 2 could not compensate for the negative effect of elevated temperature on yield of both cultivars under future climate change. Rice yield and biomass were further decreased by 2.0–2.5% and 2.9–4.2% by an increase in the severity of ShB under the combination of elevated CO 2 and elevated temperature. Thus, reasonable agronomic management practices are required to improve both resistance to ShB disease and grain yield for rice under future climate change.