Surface properties of Gemini surfactants with pyrrolidinium head groups

• Published in: Journal of colloid and interface science Vol. 370; no. 1; pp. 111 - 116
• Main Authors: Cai, Bo, Li, Xuefeng, Yang, Yi, Dong, Jinfeng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Inc 15.03.2012; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adsorption; Agglomeration; Cationic; Chain drives; Chains; Chemistry; Colloidal state and disperse state; Computer Simulation; Electric Conductivity; electrical conductivity; enthalpy; Entropy; Exact sciences and technology; fluorescence; Gemini surfactant; General and physical chemistry; Heterocyclic head group; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; hydrophobicity; Micelles; Micelles. Thin films; Micellization; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Pyrrolidines - chemistry; Pyrrolidinium; Spectrometry, Fluorescence - methods; Surface chemistry; Surface physical chemistry; Surface Properties; Surface Tension; Surface-Active Agents - chemical synthesis; Surface-Active Agents - chemistry; Surfactants; Thermodynamics; Thermodynamics; Gemini surfactant; Pyrrolidinium; Heterocyclic head group; Micellization; Electrical conductivity; Enthalpy; Cationic surfactant; Fluorescence; Entropy; Hydrophobicity; Surfactant; Ionic surfactant; Aggregation; Alkyl; Surface conductivity; Surface properties; Monomer; Surface activity; Chain length; Steady state; Thermodynamic parameter; Surface tension; Thermodynamic properties; Physicochemical properties
• ISSN: 0021-9797; 1095-7103
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.12.025

[Display omitted] ► Pyrrolidinium Gemini surfactants were synthesized and characterized. ► Gemini surfactants with heterocyclic head groups have superior surface activity compared to traditional analogues. ► The mechanism of micellization varies as a function of the chain length. Gemini surfactants Cn-4-nPB (where n represents the alkyl chain length of 10, 12, 14 and 16) were synthesized and characterized. Their surface activity, thermodynamic properties, and aggregation behavior were investigated by means of surface tension, electrical conductivity, and steady-state fluorescence. It was found that the Gemini surfactants Cn-4-nPB have superior surface activity to their corresponding monomer surfactants CnMPB as expected. Additionally, these compounds have lower cmc and surface tension in comparison with conventional cationic Gemini surfactants m-4-m. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔGm0,ΔHm0,TΔSm0) show that the micellization is an entropy driven process with shorter hydrophobic chain lengths but instead is enthalpy driven for longer hydrophobic chain lengths. The effect of the hydrophobic alkyl chain length and the addition of inorganic salt NaBr on the surface activity and micellization are in line with the conventional cationic Gemini surfactants.