The Impact of Human Microbiotas in Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Organ Transplantation
The human microbiota heavily influences most vital aspects of human physiology including organ transplantation outcomes and transplant rejection risk. A variety of organ transplantation scenarios such as lung and heart transplantation as well as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is heavily inf...
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Published in | Frontiers in immunology Vol. 13; p. 932228 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Frontiers Media S.A
07.07.2022
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The human microbiota heavily influences most vital aspects of human physiology including organ transplantation outcomes and transplant rejection risk. A variety of organ transplantation scenarios such as lung and heart transplantation as well as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is heavily influenced by the human microbiotas. The human microbiota refers to a rich, diverse, and complex ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, archaea, helminths, protozoans, parasites, and viruses. Research accumulating over the past decade has established the existence of complex cross-species, cross-kingdom interactions between the residents of the various human microbiotas and the human body. Since the gut microbiota is the densest, most popular, and most studied human microbiota, the impact of other human microbiotas such as the oral, lung, urinary, and genital microbiotas is often overshadowed. However, these microbiotas also provide critical and unique insights pertaining to transplantation success, rejection risk, and overall host health, across multiple different transplantation scenarios. Organ transplantation as well as the pre-, peri-, and post-transplant pharmacological regimens patients undergo is known to adversely impact the microbiotas, thereby increasing the risk of adverse patient outcomes. Over the past decade, holistic approaches to post-transplant patient care such as the administration of clinical and dietary interventions aiming at restoring deranged microbiota community structures have been gaining momentum. Examples of these include prebiotic and probiotic administration, fecal microbial transplantation, and bacteriophage-mediated multidrug-resistant bacterial decolonization. This review will discuss these perspectives and explore the role of different human microbiotas in the context of various transplantation scenarios. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Microbial Immunology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology Edited by: Bikul Das, KaviKrishna Laboratory, India Reviewed by: Shahrul Razid Sarbini, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Malaysia; Giovanni Tarantino, University of Naples Federico II, Italy |
ISSN: | 1664-3224 1664-3224 |
DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2022.932228 |